Genetic analysis of in vitro callus and production of multiple shoots in eggplant

Abstract

Genetic analysis of four in vitro characters (callus initiation, callus productivity, embryogenic callus percentage, and mean number of regenerated shoots per callus) was conducted using a 6 9 6 diallel cross among four cultivars of eggplant (Solanum melongena) and two related species (S. indicum, S. surattense) showing different in vitro responses. Among the 30 hybrid families, the in vitro performance exceeded the midparent in 19, 29, 18, and 22 cases, respectively, for callus initiation, callus productivity, embryogenic callus induction, and number of regenerated shoots. Both additive and dominant effects were significant and additive gene action was predominant for three of four in vitro characters with the exception of callus productivity. Different degrees of dominance were observed in the expression of the four characters. The broad and narrow sense heritabilities were 0.97 and 0.82 for callus initiation frequency, 0.99 and 0.42 for total amount of callus, 0.99 and 0.92 for E-callus productivity, and 0.99 and 0.73 for mean number of shoots, respectively, suggesting that these traits can be easily transferred into economically important cultivars with low tissue culture response or recalcitrance.

Reaction of Flax (Linum Usitatissimum L.) Calli Culture to Supplement of Medium by Carbon Nanoparticles

“…Regeneration through rhyzogenesis (percentage of regeneration was 10%) was observed only in calli grown on triple concentration of nanoparticles (Table 2). Calli growing on medium without C nanoparticles formed embryos with better quality: higher number of normal embryos in globular stages were detected (Salaj et al, 2005;Vidoz et al, 2006;Chakravarthi et al, 2010). Calli grown on medium with C nanoparticles, formed numerous abnormal embryos with different variations like embryous fusion.…”

Research Article Genetic effects of in vitro germination and plantlet development in chilli pepper.

“…The underlying genetic basis of the reciprocal differences for in vitro response could be cytoplasmic factors (e.g., mtDNA), physiological characteristics of maternal plants, or segregation of nuclear factors of a maternal parent (Lazar et al 1984). These effects have already been determined for other traits such callus production in eggplant (Chakravarthi et al, 2010), sprouts regeneration in lettuce (Sparrow et al, 2004), and organogenesis from Helianthus embryos (Sarrafi et al, 1996). Based on these results, it is possible to detect the predominance of non-additive effects on the determination of evaluated characters.…”

“…The genetic bases of in vitro germination and development have been studied in other cultures such as tomatoes (Frankenberger et al, 1981), lettuce (Aslam et al, 1990), rice (Abe and Futsuhara, 1991), eggplant (Chakravarthi et al, 2010), and others. Diallelic crosses has been more used to study genetic control of morphological and agronomical traits but not to in vitro plant development for chili peppers (Rêgo et al, 2009;Schuelter et al, 2010;Nascimento et al, 2014).…”

Somatic embryogenesis of hypocotyl derived calli from an eggplant cultivar

“…In fact, this technique can provide the diversities needed for selection the desired traits by inducing somaclonal variation. On the other hand, by optimizing the complete regeneration of callus, it is possible to transfer the desired genes to the desired plants (Chakravarthi, et al, 2010). Due to the reasons mentioned above, studies of the full plant regeneration from explants are of special importance in plants.…”