Genetic analysis of Jatropha species and interspecific hybrids of Jatropha curcas using nuclear and organelle specific markers

Abstract

The present study aims at characterization of Jatropha species occurring in India using nuclear and organelle specific primers for supporting interspecific gene transfer. DNA from 34 accessions comprising eight agronomically important species (Jatropha curcas, J. gossypifolia, J. glandulifera, J. integerrima, J. podagrica, J. multifida, J. villosa, J. villosa. var. ramnadensis, J. maheshwarii) and a natural hybrid, J. tanjorensis were subjected to molecular analysis using 200 RAPD, 100 ISSR and 50 organelle specific microsatellite primers from other angiosperms. The nuclear marker systems revealed high interspecific genetic variation (98.5% polymorphism) corroborating with the morphological differentiation of the species used in the study. Ten organelle specific microsatellite primers resulted in single, discrete bands of which three were functional disclosing polymorphism among Jatropha species. The PCR products obtained with organelle specific primers were subjected to sequence analysis. PCR products from two consensus chloroplast microsatellite primer pairs (ccmp6 and 10) revealed variable number of T and A residues in the intergenic regions of ORF 77-ORF 82 and rp12-rps19 regions, respectively in Jatropha. Artificial hybrids were produced between J. curcas and all Jatropha species used in the study with the exception of J. podagrica. Characterization of F 1 hybrids using polymorphic primers specific to the respective parental species confirmed the hybridity of the interspecific hybrids. Characterization of both natural and artificially produced hybrids using chloroplast specific markers revealed maternal inheritance of the markers. While the RAPD and ISSR markers confirmed J. tanjorensis as a natural hybrid between J. gossypifolia and J. curcas, the ccmp primers (ccmp6 and 10) unequivocally established J. gossypifolia as the maternal parent. Evaluation of backcross interspecific derivatives of cross involving J. curcas and J. integerrima indicate scope for prebreeding and genetic enhancement of Jatropha curcas through interspecific hybridization.

Establishment of bispyribac selection protocols for <i>Agrobacterium tumefaciens</i>- and <i>Agrobacterium rhizogenes</i>-mediated transformation of the oil seed plant <i>Jatropha curcas</i> L.

“…In most cases, there were substantial differences in the effects of plant growth regulators and optimized selection conditions, suggesting that there is large variation among di erent Jatropha genotypes and tissues in terms of their morphological responses to phytohormones. Optimization of the regeneration and transformation procedure for each variety of Jatropha is of pivotal importance, especially for high-yielding varieties that have been recently established by conventional mass selection and breeding (Basa and Sujatha 2009).…”

Development and characterization of EST-SSR markers from Jatropha curcas EST database and their transferability across jatropha-related species/genus

“…J. curcas seed is a potential raw material of biofuel because its oil is non-edible, simple to convert to biodiesel by chemical treatment (Berchmans & Hirata 2008), low production cost, clean and eco-friendly (Parawira 2010). A limitation in jatropha improvement has been the lack of adequate genetic variation (Johnson et al 2011) due to low genetic diversity (Sun et al 2008;Basha et al 2009;Naek et al 2011). However, jatropha has many related species and genera, thus making it possible to be improved through interspecific and intergeneric crosses Pamidimarri et al 2009).…”

Genetic Variation in Mexican Jatropha curcas L. Estimated with Seed Oil Fatty Acids

“…Although there is no consensus about the origin of this species, many researchers point to the Mesoamerican region Mexico and Central America as its center of origin 5 7 , while others mention South America 8,9 ; but there is no doubt that Mesoamerica is the center of diversifi cation of the genus Jatropha 10 and that this region held the source material for establishment of present populations in Africa and Asia. Moreover, only in Mexico do domesticated genotypes exist of low or null toxicity 11,12 .…”