Genetic analysis of the anther-culture response of three spring wheat crosses

Abstract

Anther-culture response was examined among three spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars to evaluate the genetic component of response and to determine whether androgenetic performance could be improved by selection. The three lines, the three possible F1's among the three lines, their F2's, and the backcrosses to the parents were evaluated for callus production and regeneration capacity. Significant variation was observed among the generations of the three crosses for callus formation. Genetic variation for regenerability was nonsignificant. Callus production was negatively correlated (-0.24) with regeneration capacity. The random variation in the study was too great to determine whether major-gene differences for antherculture response exist among the three lines by examining population distributions. When the material was evaluated for quantitative gene effects, the estimates for the additive gene effects were generally greater than the estimates for the dominance gene effects for callus formation. Only the Pavon x Chris cross, however, exhibited a significant narrow sense heritability estimate for callusing response (0.94). Due to the large component of random variation and the varying selection potential among crosses for androgenetic performance, improving anther-culture response in wheat by selection could prove difficult unless the anther-culture process itself selects for response traits at the gametic level.

Wheat Anther Culture: Agronomic Performance of Doubled Haploid Lines and the Release of a New Variety “Florin”

“…In order to reduce the random variation which appears to be a large component of the quantitative variation observed (Deaton et al 1987), we recommend taking the following precautions:…”

Estimation of genetic parameters for in vitro traits in wheat immature embryo cultures involving high X low regeneration capacity genotypes

“…Their estimates were 0.82, 0.82 and 0.72, respectively. Deaton et al (1987) reported that there was considerable variation among the three spring wheat crosses for the heritability estimates. They suggested that a large component of the quantitative variation was due to random variation.…”

Genetic analysis of in vitro plant tissue culture responses and regeneration capacities

“…A predominantly additive gene action exists for microsporederived embryo induction (Charmet & Bernard, 1984 ;Miah et al ., 1985 ;Deaton et al ., 1987 ;Wu & Chen, 1987 ;Powell, 1988 ;Agache et al ., 1988 ;Quimio & Zapata, 1990 ;Koba et al ., 1993) and green plant regeneration (Tuvesson et al ., 1989 ;Zhou & Konzak, 1992 ;Shimada et al ., 1993) . Estimated heritabilities were high for anther culture ability (Charmet & Bernard, 1984 ;Lazar et al ., 1984b ;Miah et al ., 1985) .…”