Genetic analysis of twelve X-chromosomal STRs in Japanese and Chinese populations

Abstract

We investigated the genetic markers of twelve X-STR loci in 670 healthy, unrelated Japanese (438 men and 232 women) from Tokyo and 488 Chinese (263 men and 225 women) from Shenyang, using the Investigator Argus X-12 kit. Allele and haplotype analyses of twelve X-STRs clustered into four linkage groups indicated that they are highly informative for forensic applications in Japanese and Chinese populations. Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium tests demonstrated no significant deviations in the two populations. Among the four closely linked X-STR trios, some haplotype unique to Japanese or Chinese population were detected. Haplotype diversity for each linkage group ranged from 0.9861 to 0.9968, showing high values in each of the study populations. The genetic distances between populations based on the 12 X-STR loci and the phylogenetic tree revealed long genetic distances between Asian and Caucasian populations and between Asian and African population (Moroccan). These results suggest that the twelve X-STR loci will contribute to forensic casework in Japanese and Chinese populations.

Investigator® Argus X‐12 study on the population of Czech Republic: Comparison of linked and unlinked X‐STRs for kinship analysis

“…In order to validate the results obtained in our study, pair‐wise genetic distances ( F ST ) were calculated for interpopulation comparison between Czech population and both related and distant populations. F ST values were computed using haplotype frequencies in Czech, German , Hungarian , Swedish , Japanese , and Chinese populations. All computations mentioned below were carried out using Arlequin software v3.5 .…”

Expanding X-chromosomal forensic haplotype frequencies database: Italian population data of four linkage groups

“…Allele and haplotype frequencies for the 12 X-STRs and for each linkage group (LG), as well as the pairwise genetic distances (Fst) based on haplotype frequencies, were calculated by using the Arlequin software v3.5 [9] between our Italian sample and a set of both neighboring and geographically distant populations. To maximize the effectiveness of the comparisons, only populations typed for all the same X-STR loci implemented in the Argus X-12 system were considered, for a total of 4 European (Germany [2], Denmark [10], Czech Republic [11] and Sweden [12]), 4 African (Egypt [13], Somalia [10], Ivory Coast [14] and Cabo Verde [15]) and 3 Asian (China and Japan [16], Malaysia [17]) populations. Inter-population genetic distances (Fst) between the 12 considered populations for each of the four linkage groups (LG) were integrated and graphically represented by using the R software package DISTATIS [5].…”

Investigator Argus X-12 study on the population of northern Croatia

“…The presence of pairwise linkage disequilibrium (LD) between loci was tested by the exact test using a Markov chain for male, and by likelihood ratio test using the Expectation-Maximization algorithm for female samples. Pair-wise genetic distances (F ST ) were calculated for inter-population comparison of haplotype frequencies between northern Croatia and Italian (Bini et al ., 2015), western Mediterranean (Ferragut et al ., 2015), Czech (Zidkova et al ., 2014), German (Edelmann et al ., 2012), Hungarian (Horvath et al ., 2012), Swedish (Tillmar, 2012), Danish, Somalian, Greenlandic (Tomas et al ., 2012), Chinese and Japanese populations (Uchigasaki et al ., 2013). Comparison with a population of Central Croatia was based on allele frequencies of DXS10135, DXS8378, DXS7132, DXS10074, HPRTB, DXS10101, DXS10134 and DXS7423 loci (Grskovic et al ., 2013), while comparison with Bosnian-Herzegovinian population was based on DXS8378, DXS7132, HPRTB, and DXS7423 loci (Diegoli et al ., 2011).…”