Genetic and Environmental Risk Factors for Cannabis Use: Preliminary Results for the Role of Parental Care Perception

Gerra, Maria Carla; Manfredini, Matteo; Cortese, Elena; Antonioni, M; Leonardi, Claudio; Magnelli, Fernanda; Somaini, Lorenzo; Jayanthi, Subramaniam; Cadet, Jean Lud; Donnini, Claudia

doi:10.1080/10826084.2018.1531430

Cited by 20 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…While it is true that the major body of the RDS concept resides in many publications on the subject from our laboratory, there is an emerging increase in independent citations that embrace this novel construct. A brief sampling of this global cited work, while mostly favorable, can be assessed by reviewing specific references [ 47 , 48 , 49 , 50 , 51 , 52 , 53 , 54 , 55 , 56 , 57 , 58 , 59 , 60 , 61 , 62 , 63 , 64 , 65 , 66 , 67 , 68 , 69 , 70 , 71 , 72 , 73 , 74 , 75 , 76 , 77 , 78 , 79 , 80 , 81 , 82 , 83 , 84 , 85 , 86 , 87 , 88 , 89 , 90 , 91 , 92 , 93 , 94 , 95 , 96 , 97 , 98 ,…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hypothesizing in the Face of the Opioid Crisis Coupling Genetic Addiction Risk Severity (GARS) Testing with Electrotherapeutic Nonopioid Modalities Such as H-Wave Could Attenuate Both Pain and Hedonic Addictive Behaviors

Gupta

Bowirrat

Gomez

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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In the United States, amid the opioid overdose epidemic, nonaddicting/nonpharmacological proven strategies are available to treat pain and manage chronic pain effectively without opioids. Evidence supporting the long-term use of opioids for pain is lacking, as is the will to alter the drug-embracing culture in American chronic pain management. Some pain clinicians seem to prefer classical analgesic agents that promote unwanted tolerance to analgesics and subsequent biological induction of the “addictive brain”. Reward genes play a vital part in modulation of nociception and adaptations in the dopaminergic circuitry. They may affect various sensory and affective components of the chronic pain syndromes. The Genetic Addiction Risk Severity (GARS) test coupled with the H-Wave at entry in pain clinics could attenuate pain and help prevent addiction. The GARS test results identify high-risk for both drug and alcohol, and H-Wave can be initiated to treat pain instead of opioids. The utilization of H-Wave to aid in pain reduction and mitigation of hedonic addictive behaviors is recommended, notwithstanding required randomized control studies. This frontline approach would reduce the possibility of long-term neurobiological deficits and fatalities associated with potent opioid analgesics.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hypothesizing in the Face of the Opioid Crisis Coupling Genetic Addiction Risk Severity (GARS) Testing with Electrotherapeutic Nonopioid Modalities Such as H-Wave Could Attenuate Both Pain and Hedonic Addictive Behaviors

Gupta

Bowirrat

Gomez

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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“…Although cannabis abuse and addiction are more prevalent among men [11], men were twice as likely to use cannabis [12], this proportion of women with severe addiction cannot be taken into account because the female population of our study (N=08) does not allow us to conclude that all women using cannabis are severely addicted. Also, the fact that young people over the age of 20 are more affected by this severe addiction is the result of a societal policy that leaves young adolescents stranded.…”

Section: Factors Associated With Severe Cannabis Addictionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Factors Associated with Severe Addictions in Cannabis Users Undergoing Treatment at the National Center for the Integrated Care of Addictions in Dakar (Senegal)

Lèye¹,

Traore²,

Bâ³

et al. 2021

CAJPH

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The objective of this study is to examine the factors associated with severe addiction in cannabis users who are undergoing treatment at the national center for the integrated care of addictions in Dakar. A retrospective, descriptive and analytical study was conducted at the national center for the integrated care of addictions in Dakar. The study period was from 2015 to 2018. Patients were being treated for cannabis addiction. Data entry was done using Epi info7 software while analysis was done using SPSS version 22. A total of 273 patients were enrolled in our study. Factors associated with severe cannabis addiction were: being over 20 years of age with an ORaj=6.1 [2.4-15.6], being of Senegalese nationality with an ORaj=4.3 [1.1-17.9], having more than one child with an ORaj=3.8 [1.1-14.1], consuming cannabis 2 to 3 times a week or more with an ORaj=32.1 [3.9-100] and starting age of consumption less than or equal to 15 years with an ORaj=4.5 [1.8-11.8]. Factors associated with psychiatric disorders were: having an address other than Dakar center with an ORaj=2.8 [1.2-6.6], having an addiction problem in the family with an ORaj=3.9 [1.5-10.7], lack of professional activity with an ORaj=3, 6 [1.5-8.7], being treated by a specialist in addictology with an OR aj=5.1 [1.5-17.8] and finally having a history of psychiatric hospitalization with an OR aj=55.9 [19.6-158]. The factors associated with the severe addiction and psychiatric disorders found in this study should push health authorities to reflect on a new strategy to fight this pandemic that is cannabis use. The use of the media for mass and parental awareness is essential.

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“…Specifically, endocannabinoid genes mediate the predictive effect of early-life stress and stress response (i.e., HPA axis activity or cortisol levels) on early-initiation of cannabis use [71]. Due to this evidence and many similar findings, it is evident that variations in the endocannabinoid system (measured via genetics or biological markers) can have a cumulative effect on risk factors identified in all ecological levels [72][73][74][75][76][77][78][79]. Other factor level interactions have shown that individual and macro-environmental factors can increase one's vulnerability to CUD.…”

Section: A Bioecological Framework For Cud Towards Understanding Cannabis Policy Impactsmentioning

confidence: 94%

Determining Risks for Cannabis Use Disorder in the Face of Changing Legal Policies

2019

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Purpose of Review This review aims to summarize and critically evaluate the current literature on the associations between individual and socio-cultural factors that increase risk for cannabis use disorder (CUD), and policy change.Recent findings Epidemiological studies show that areas with permissive legal cannabis climates are associated with greater individual risk factors for CUD. This includes (1) higher rates of edible consumption and vaping, (2) higher delta-9tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) potency and lower cannabidiol (CBD) levels, and (3) younger age of initiation of use. Summary A change in the socio-cultural level, such as shifts in the legalization of cannabis, could interact with individual-level factors in their associations with CUD. There is currently a lack of empirical studies that evaluate this interaction. We propose that future research consider a bioecological framework for CUD to allow for a comprehensive understanding of the effects of legal climate that could inform policy and clinical practice.

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Genetic and Environmental Risk Factors for Cannabis Use: Preliminary Results for the Role of Parental Care Perception

Cited by 20 publications

References 53 publications

Hypothesizing in the Face of the Opioid Crisis Coupling Genetic Addiction Risk Severity (GARS) Testing with Electrotherapeutic Nonopioid Modalities Such as H-Wave Could Attenuate Both Pain and Hedonic Addictive Behaviors

Hypothesizing in the Face of the Opioid Crisis Coupling Genetic Addiction Risk Severity (GARS) Testing with Electrotherapeutic Nonopioid Modalities Such as H-Wave Could Attenuate Both Pain and Hedonic Addictive Behaviors

Factors Associated with Severe Addictions in Cannabis Users Undergoing Treatment at the National Center for the Integrated Care of Addictions in Dakar (Senegal)

Determining Risks for Cannabis Use Disorder in the Face of Changing Legal Policies

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