Genetic Architecture of Floral Traits in Iris hexagona and Iris fulva

Brothers, Amanda N.; Barb, Jessica G.; Ballerini, Evangeline S.; Drury, Douglas W.; Knapp, Steven J.; Arnold, Michael L.

doi:10.1093/jhered/est059

Cited by 20 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…This result is consistent with studies in other systems identifying multiple QTLs with small to medium effect for similar traits [11,14,15].…”

Section: Discussion (A) Genetic Basis Of Pollination Syndrome Traits supporting

confidence: 92%

“…This QTL corresponds to the gene F3 0 5 0 h. Wessinger & Rausher [13] demonstrated using co-segregation and functional analyses that this gene is redundantly non-functional in P. barbatus and completely explains the difference in flower colour between the two species. Similar large effect flower colour QTLs have been reported frequently for adaptation to different pollinators between pairs of species within Aquilegia [35], Ipomopsis [15], Iris [14,17], Iochroma [36], Mimulus [9,37] and Petunia [10,18]. One partial explanation for this pattern is that many flower colour transitions involve deactivation of parts or all of the anthocyanin pathway, which can be accomplished by inactivating mutations in one or a few genes [10,13,36 -38].…”

Section: Discussion (A) Genetic Basis Of Pollination Syndrome Traits supporting

confidence: 58%

“…Yet, some empirical evidence from quantitative trait locus (QTL) studies on pollination syndrome divergence suggests that there may be common patterns at the genetic level. For example, previous QTL studies have suggested that traits such as flower colour and nectar volume often involve few substitutions of medium to large effect [9][10][11][12][13], while changes in morphological characters tend to involve more loci with smaller effects [12,14,15]. In addition, these studies have revealed that QTLs for different traits sometimes co-localize (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Identification of major quantitative trait loci underlying floral pollination syndrome divergence in Penstemon

Wessinger

Hileman

Rausher

2014

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

101

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Distinct floral pollination syndromes have emerged multiple times during the diversification of flowering plants. For example, in western North America, a hummingbird pollination syndrome has evolved more than 100 times, generally from within insect-pollinated lineages. The hummingbird syndrome is characterized by a suite of floral traits that attracts and facilitates pollen movement by hummingbirds, while at the same time discourages bee visitation. These floral traits generally include large nectar volume, red flower colour, elongated and narrow corolla tubes and reproductive organs that are exerted from the corolla. A handful of studies have examined the genetic architecture of hummingbird pollination syndrome evolution. These studies find that mutations of relatively large effect often explain increased nectar volume and transition to red flower colour. In addition, they suggest that adaptive suites of floral traits may often exhibit a high degree of genetic linkage, which could facilitate their fixation during pollination syndrome evolution. Here, we explore these emerging generalities by investigating the genetic basis of floral pollination syndrome divergence between two related Penstemon species with different pollination syndromes—bee-pollinated P. neomexicanus and closely related hummingbird-pollinated P. barbatus . In an F 2 mapping population derived from a cross between these two species, we characterized the effect size of genetic loci underlying floral trait divergence associated with the transition to bird pollination, as well as correlation structure of floral trait variation. We find the effect sizes of quantitative trait loci for adaptive floral traits are in line with patterns observed in previous studies, and find strong evidence that suites of floral traits are genetically linked. This linkage may be due to genetic proximity or pleiotropic effects of single causative loci. Interestingly, our data suggest that the evolution of floral traits critical for hummingbird pollination was not constrained by negative pleiotropy at loci that show co-localization for multiple traits.

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“…This result is consistent with studies in other systems identifying multiple QTLs with small to medium effect for similar traits [11,14,15].…”

Section: Discussion (A) Genetic Basis Of Pollination Syndrome Traits supporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussion (A) Genetic Basis Of Pollination Syndrome Traits supporting

confidence: 58%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Identification of major quantitative trait loci underlying floral pollination syndrome divergence in Penstemon

Wessinger

Hileman

Rausher

2014

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

101

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“…Studies examining the genetic architecture of multiple traits often reveal that the same genomic regions influence more than one trait (i.e., QTL colocalization, Fishman et al., ; Goodwillie, Ritland, & Ritland, ; Juenger, Purugganan, & Mackay, ; Lowry et al., ). This has also been observed in Louisiana Iris QTL mapping studies (Ballerini et al., ; Bouck, Wessler, & Arnold, ; Brothers et al., ; Martin et al., , , ; Taylor et al., ; Taylor, Rojas, et al. ), and the current study is no exception.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Integrating Bayesian genomic cline analyses and association mapping of morphological and ecological traits to dissect reproductive isolation and introgression in a Louisiana Iris hybrid zone

et al. 2018

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Hybrid zones provide unique opportunities to examine reproductive isolation and introgression in nature. We utilized 45,384 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) loci to perform association mapping of 14 floral, vegetative and ecological traits that differ between Iris hexagona and Iris fulva, and to investigate, using a Bayesian genomic cline (BGC) framework, patterns of genomic introgression in a large and phenotypically diverse hybrid zone in southern Louisiana. Many loci of small effect size were consistently found to be associated with phenotypic variation across all traits, and several individual loci were revealed to influence phenotypic variation across multiple traits. Patterns of genomic introgression were quite heterogeneous throughout the Louisiana Iris genome, with I. hexagona alleles tending to be favoured over those of I. fulva. Loci that were found to have exceptional patterns of introgression were also found to be significantly associated with phenotypic variation in a small number of morphological traits. However, this was the exception rather than the rule, as most loci that were associated with morphological trait variation were not significantly associated with excess ancestry. These findings provide insights into the complexity of the genomic architecture of phenotypic differences and are a first step towards identifying loci that are associated with both trait variation and reproductive isolation in nature.

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“…Similar studies identifying the genetic basis of differences in pollinator attraction between related plant species have now been conducted in several other lineages, e.g. Ipomopsis (Polemoniaceae; Nakazato et al 2013), Iris (Iridaceae; Brothers et al 2013), and Petunia (Solanaceae; Hermann et al 2013). However, it remains a significant challenge to distinguish between the role of floral signals in generating or maintaining reproductive isolation vs. simply improving reproductive fitness in sympatry.…”

Section: Mechanisms Of Diversificationmentioning

confidence: 74%

Floral specialization and angiosperm diversity: phenotypic divergence, fitness trade-offs and realized pollination accuracy

2014

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This review considers the role of reproductive factors in the evolutionary success of flowering plants, with emphasis on flowers and pollination. Flowers are complex structures that have varying degrees of integration of parts and surprising evolutionary lability. Diversification of floral form usually accompanies plant diversification by speciation. This correlation has traditionally been interpreted as the result of floral specialization increasing speciation rates. However, another possibility is that species diversity generates selection for divergent specialized flowers when related species occur together, thereby reducing extinction rates.

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Genetic Architecture of Floral Traits in Iris hexagona and Iris fulva

Cited by 20 publications

References 33 publications

Identification of major quantitative trait loci underlying floral pollination syndrome divergence in Penstemon

Identification of major quantitative trait loci underlying floral pollination syndrome divergence in Penstemon

Integrating Bayesian genomic cline analyses and association mapping of morphological and ecological traits to dissect reproductive isolation and introgression in a Louisiana Iris hybrid zone

Floral specialization and angiosperm diversity: phenotypic divergence, fitness trade-offs and realized pollination accuracy

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