Genetic Characterization of a Novel Recombinant H5N2 Avian Influenza Virus Isolated from Chickens in Tibet

Zhao, Suhong; Suo, Langsizhu; Jin, Meilin

doi:10.1128/jvi.02595-12

Cited by 14 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…The genetic characterization of the 2 natural reassortant viruses we identified was remarkably different from that of previously identified reassortant viruses possessing subtype H9N2 genes in an HPAI (H5N1) backbone virus identified in Asia ( 8 , 9 ). Our results imply that these natural reassortments occurred independently.…”

Section: The Studycontrasting

confidence: 85%

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Reassortant Avian Influenza A(H5N1) Viruses with H9N2-PB1 Gene in Poultry, Bangladesh

Monne¹,

Yamage²,

Dauphin³

et al. 2013

Emerg. Infect. Dis.

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Section: The Studycontrasting

confidence: 85%

“…Green shading indicates viruses from Bangladesh sequenced and characterized in this study; yellow shading indicates previously described subtype H5N1/H9N2 reassortant influenza viruses ( 8 , 9 ) or those from GenBank. Numbers at the nodes represent bootstrap values.…”

Section: The Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Reassortant Avian Influenza A(H5N1) Viruses with H9N2-PB1 Gene in Poultry, Bangladesh

Monne¹,

Yamage²,

Dauphin³

et al. 2013

Emerg. Infect. Dis.

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“…Since the late 1990s, multiple human cases of H9N2 infection have been reported in Asia (4)(5)(6)(7). In recent years, the reassortant viruses that originated from H9N2 and other subtype influenza viruses may extend the host range or increase the virulence of the original virus, thereby threatening both the poultry industry and public health (8)(9)(10). It is reported that H9N2 viruses contribute to the genetic and geographic diversity of H5N1 viruses (1,11).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Mechanism of the Airborne Transmissibility of H9N2 Avian Influenza A Viruses in Chickens

Zhong

Wang

et al. 2014

J Virol

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H9N2 avian influenza virus has been prevalent in poultry in many parts of the world since the 1990s and occasionally crosses the host barrier, transmitting to mammals, including humans. In recent years, these viruses have contributed genes to H5N1 and H7N9 influenza viruses, threatening public health. To explore the molecular mechanism for the airborne transmission of H9N2 virus, we compared two genetically close strains isolated from chickens in 2001, A/chicken/Shanghai/7/2001(SH7) and A/chicken/Shanghai/14/2001 (SH14). SH7 is airborne transmissible between chickens, whereas SH14 is not. We used reverse genetics and gene swapping to derive recombinant SH7 (rSH7), rSH14, and a panel of reassortant viruses. Among the reassortant viruses, we identified segments HA and PA as governing the airborne transmission among chickens. In addition, the NP and NS genes also contributed to a lesser extent. Furthermore, the mutational analyses showed the transmissibility phenotype predominantly mapped to the HA and PA genes, with HA-K363 and PA-L672 being important for airborne transmissibility among chickens. In addition, the viral infectivity and acid stability are related to the airborne transmissibility. Importantly, airborne transmission studies of 18 arbitrarily chosen H9N2 viruses from our collections confirmed the importance of both 363K in HA and 672L in PA in determining their levels of transmissibility. Our finding elucidates the genetic contributions to H9N2 transmissibility in chickens and highlights the importance of their prevalence in poultry. IMPORTANCEOur study investigates the airborne transmissibility of H9N2 viruses in chickens and the subsequent epidemic. H9N2 virus is the donor for several prevalent reassortant influenza viruses, such as H7N9/2013 and the H5N1 viruses. Poultry as the reservoir hosts of influenza virus is closely associated with human society. Airborne transmission is an efficient pathway for influenza virus transmission among flocks and individuals. Exploring the mechanism of the airborne transmission of the H9N2 virus in chickens could provide essential data regarding prevention and control of influenza endemics and pandemics.

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“…A published study on the highly pathogenic H5N2 virus in China indicated that several strains of H5N2 subtype were isolated from H5N1 virus endemic areas, having evolved by acquiring significant viral rearrangement from H5N1 [59]. Genomic analysis confirmed that those H5N2 viruses reported previously were derived from rearrangement between circulating highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5N1 and endemic H9N2 viruses [60]. One Chinese mutated H5N2 influenza virus even possessed a multiple basic motif at the HA cleavage site [61].…”

Section: Subtype H5n2mentioning

confidence: 63%

Veterinary Influenza Vaccines Against Avian Influenza in China

Fan¹,

Hu²,

Zhang³

et al. 2015

Future Virol.

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Avian influenza (AI) is an infectious viral illness that affects numerous species of birds, including chickens, ducks, turkeys and geese. Poultry vaccination plays an important role for control of the AI virus and effectively prevents the infection in domestic chickens. However, new, increasingly virulent strains are constantly emerging, for which no vaccines are available. Avian influenza is also responsible for sporadically infecting humans and causing a wide range of clinical outcomes. Here, we review the recent emergence of diverse strains of the AI virus and the use of veterinary vaccines for poultry in China.

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Genetic Characterization of a Novel Recombinant H5N2 Avian Influenza Virus Isolated from Chickens in Tibet

Cited by 14 publications

References 14 publications

Reassortant Avian Influenza A(H5N1) Viruses with H9N2-PB1 Gene in Poultry, Bangladesh

Reassortant Avian Influenza A(H5N1) Viruses with H9N2-PB1 Gene in Poultry, Bangladesh

Molecular Mechanism of the Airborne Transmissibility of H9N2 Avian Influenza A Viruses in Chickens

Veterinary Influenza Vaccines Against Avian Influenza in China

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