Genetic Characterization of a Porcine H1N2 Influenza Virus Strain Isolated in Germany

Schrader, Christina; Süß, Jochen

doi:10.1159/000068124

Cited by 32 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 31 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Now this virus has become widespread in the European pig population [19,20]. The phylogenetic comparison of all genes of the German isolate confirmed that it is most closely related to the H1N2 strain A/swine/Italy/1981 [21].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 79%

Molecular Epidemiology of Porcine H3N2 Influenza A Viruses Isolated in Germany between 1982 and 2001

Schrader

Süß²

2004

Intervirology

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

We examined influenza virus strains of the subtype H3N2 from outbreaks of respiratory diseases in swine herds in Germany. Four different clusters can be distinguished when comparing parts of the HA1 gene from porcine H3N2 isolates analyzed between 1982 and 2001. Comparison between these clusters reveals a bp homology of less than 90%. In contrast, the homology within the clusters is between 93.7 and 100%. Each of these clusters was confined to a specific time period. For the NA gene an additional cluster is formed by the porcine H1N2 isolate. The findings that different subtypes and drift variants are circulating in the German pig population explain the emergence of new influenza virus variants and the need for continued surveillance of swine.

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 79%

Molecular Epidemiology of Porcine H3N2 Influenza A Viruses Isolated in Germany between 1982 and 2001

Schrader

Süß²

2004

Intervirology

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In general, as previously mentioned, the H1N1 subtype is dominant in Europe; however, it seems that the H3N2 virus disappeared from some regions, whereas the H1N2 virus is becoming one of the most prevalent subtypes in others (3,7,9,17,21). The data available in the latest period (November 2010 -March 2012) from the study conducted in the frame of European Surveillance Network for Influenza in Pigs 3 indicate that 49% of SIV isolates belong to the enzootic avianlike swine H1N1 lineage that emerged in 1979, 21% belong to the enzootic human like reassortant swine H1N2 lineage that emerged in 1994 and they are the most prevalent in Denmark, France, Germany, Italy, and Spain.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

“…Viruses of human origin, A/Hong Kong/68-like H3N2 formed a stable lineage in European swine since the early 1970s, but reassortant H3N2 viruses with human haemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA) genes and avian-like swine H1N1 internal protein genes have become dominant since the mid 1980s (4,5). Finally, triple reassortant H1N2 viruses have been isolated from pigs throughout Europe since the mid 1990s (2,9,11,17,23). These viruses contain an HA of human influenza virus origin, a NA of swine H3N2 virus origin, and internal protein genes of avian-like swine H1N1 virus origin (2).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Serological Evidence of Co-Circulation of Different Subtypes of Swine Influenza Virus in Polish Pig Herds

Markowska-Daniel

Kwit

Urbaniak

et al. 2012

Bulletin of the Veterinary Institute in Pulawy

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The aim of the study was to estimate the current epidemiological situation concerning swine influenza (SI) in Poland. The study was based on an annual passive survey of 11,770 fatteners' sera from 584 herds, taken at slaughterhouses within the last 30 months (from January 2010 till June 2012), as well as, an active monitoring conducted in 2011 and 2012, in 25 farms, using 388 sera taken from life pigs of different age/technological groups. The analysis of simultaneous circulation of different swine influenza virus (SIV) subtypes was taken into a deep consideration. The wide spread of SIV in Poland, including the occurrence of multiple SIV infections was demonstrated. In 2010 and 2011, the domination of H1N1 subtype and the most frequently co-circulation of H1N1 and H1N2 viruses was evidenced, while in the first 6 months of 2012, the co-circulation of H1N1 and H3N2 viruses was detected more often. Based on the obtained results, it can be stated that the epidemiological situation concerning SI in Poland is dynamic and similar to that observed in other European regions with high pigs' density; however, the prevalence of antibodies and the occurrence of mixed SIV infections is lower than in Western Europe.

show abstract

“…They derived following triple reassortment between a human H1N1 virus from the 1980s, from which they obtained the HA, the swine H3N2 virus from which they obtained the NA, and the avian-like H1N1 SIV from which they obtained internal protein genes (3). Those strains have been first isolated from pigs in the UK in 1994 and subsequently they spread to other countries in the following years (2,15,18,25,29,34). They have been infrequently isolated in Italy and France since 1998 (11,18,19).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

First Isolation of the H₁N₂ Swine Influenza Virus in Polish Pig Farm

Markowska-Daniel

Wierzchosławski²,

Urbaniak

et al. 2013

Bulletin of the Veterinary Institute in Pulawy

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The paper describes an outbreak of swine influenza, which was the first H1N2 outbreak confirmed in pig farm in Poland. The outbreak occurred in October 2011 in the farrows to finish farm, first in the fattening units, and subsequently in the reproduction and weaning sectors. Samples of the lungs taken from dead gilts were tested by the use of real time and multiplex PCR, sequencing, and virus isolation methods. The amplification of the genetic material extracted from the lungs confirmed the presence of the M1 gene sequence of type A influenza virus. Using multiplex PCR, the bands of 241 bp, typical for HA1 human-like type, and of 791 bp, typical for NA2, were demonstrated. The new isolates of swine influenza virus, named A/swine/Poland/15817/2011, were obtained in embryonated SPF chicken eggs and MDCK cells. Phylogenetic analysis of the HA and NA genes of the isolate revealed that the virus is of human swine linkage closely related to European human-like viruses. On the basis of such results, it can be stated that A/Swine/Poland/15817/2011 is a new swine influenza virus, representing the H1N2 subtype strain, which emerged in Poland.

show abstract

Genetic Characterization of a Porcine H1N2 Influenza Virus Strain Isolated in Germany

Cited by 32 publications

References 31 publications

Molecular Epidemiology of Porcine H3N2 Influenza A Viruses Isolated in Germany between 1982 and 2001

Molecular Epidemiology of Porcine H3N2 Influenza A Viruses Isolated in Germany between 1982 and 2001

Serological Evidence of Co-Circulation of Different Subtypes of Swine Influenza Virus in Polish Pig Herds

First Isolation of the H₁N₂ Swine Influenza Virus in Polish Pig Farm

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Genetic Characterization of a Porcine H1N2 Influenza Virus Strain Isolated in Germany

Cited by 32 publications

References 31 publications

Molecular Epidemiology of Porcine H3N2 Influenza A Viruses Isolated in Germany between 1982 and 2001

Molecular Epidemiology of Porcine H3N2 Influenza A Viruses Isolated in Germany between 1982 and 2001

Serological Evidence of Co-Circulation of Different Subtypes of Swine Influenza Virus in Polish Pig Herds

First Isolation of the H1N2 Swine Influenza Virus in Polish Pig Farm

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

First Isolation of the H₁N₂ Swine Influenza Virus in Polish Pig Farm