Genetic characterization of the Korean LATC06 rinderpest vaccine strain

Yeh, Jung‐Yong; Kwoen, Chang-Hee; Jeong, Wooseog; Jeoung, Hye-Young; Lee, Hee Soo; An, Dong-Jun

doi:10.1007/s11262-010-0543-y

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…All the genomes were 15882 bases long, as previously reported 8,9,[24][25][26][27] , except for 5 samples of goat-adapted vaccine virus (GtVacc), each of which had an extra 6 bases in the long GC-rich 5′ UTR of the F gene ( Fig. 2).…”

Section: Sequence Features In the Completed Genomesmentioning

confidence: 52%

“…Sequences of the same isolate after sequential passage were also not included. In addition to 62 sequences from this study, 8 published full length RPV genomes were included: cattle-passaged RPV/Korea/Fusan-B (AB547189) and the lapinised derivative RPV/Lap/NakamuraIII (AB547190) 24 ; three further lapinised/avianised derivatives of Nakamura III namely RPV/Lap/L72 (JN234008), RPV/Lap/LA77 (JN234009) and RPV/Lap/LA96 (JN234010) 26 ; an additional lapinised/avianised strain, RPV/ Lap/LATC06 (GU168576) 25 ; the current lapinised/avianised RPV vaccine kept in Japan, RPV/Lap/LA-AKO (LC057619) 27 ; an unpublished sequence of a lapinised strain from the University of Tokyo, RPV/Lap/Lv (LC168749). We did not include our previously published sequences for the RBOK vaccine strain and the Kabete 'O' wildtype virus 8,9 as these viruses were included in the set of genome sequences determined in this study and those sequences would be more reliable than those originally determined from cDNA libraries.…”

Section: Rapid Amplification Of Sequence Ends (Race)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Full genome sequencing of archived wild type and vaccine rinderpest virus isolates prior to their destruction

King

Rajko-Nenow

Ropiak

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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When rinderpest virus (RPV) was declared eradicated in 2011, the only remaining samples of this once much-feared livestock virus were those held in various laboratories. in order to allow the destruction of our institute's stocks of RpV while maintaining the ability to recover the various viruses if ever required, we have determined the full genome sequence of all our distinct samples of RPV, including 51 wild type viruses and examples of three different types of vaccine strain. Examination of the sequences of these virus isolates has shown that the African isolates form a single disparate clade, rather than two separate clades, which is more in accord with the known history of the virus in Africa. We have also identified two groups of goat-passaged viruses which have acquired an extra 6 bases in the long untranslated region between the M and f protein coding sequences, and shown that, for more than half the genomes sequenced, translation of the f protein requires translational frameshift or non-standard translation initiation. curiously, the clade containing the lapinised vaccine viruses that were developed originally in Korea appears to be more similar to the known African viruses than to any other Asian viruses.Rinderpest (RP) was one of the most severe diseases of cattle ever recorded, with high morbidity rates, and mortality rates of 80% to 90% in naïve populations. The disease was declared eradicated in 2011 1 , thus becoming the second viral disease, after smallpox, to be eradicated, with global benefits estimated to be in the billions of dollars 2 . The RP virus (RPV) itself has not been entirely eliminated, with a number of laboratories known to have samples of wild type RPV. Accidental release of RPV from such a laboratory is thought to be the most likely pathway by which the virus might re-enter the environment 3,4 , although it might also be deliberately released as an act of sabotage or bioterrorism. The member states of the World Organisation for Animal Health (OIE), and the Food and Agricultural Organisation of the United Nations (FAO) agreed to restrict all work with the virus and to allow the storage of the virus only in highly secure Rinderpest Holding Facilities (RHFs) that have been inspected and approved jointly by OIE and FAO.The FAO-OIE RHF in the UK is the Pirbright Institute which, as the Institute for Animal Health, and before that the Animal Virus Research Institute, was a centre for research on RPV since the 1960s. The institute developed the monoclonal antibody-based competition ELISA (cELISA) used extensively for surveillance 5 , as well as the most widely used RT-PCR assay for RPV 6 and the concept of different geographic lineages of the virus based on the sequence of the product from the RT-PCR 7 . The first RPV genome sequences were determined at Pirbright 8,9 and the system for recovering RPV from a cDNA copy of the genome was developed there 10 . Because of this history, and its links to many of the countries where RPV was still endemic in the latter half of the 20 th century, t...

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Section: Sequence Features In the Completed Genomesmentioning

confidence: 52%

Section: Rapid Amplification Of Sequence Ends (Race)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Full genome sequencing of archived wild type and vaccine rinderpest virus isolates prior to their destruction

King

Rajko-Nenow

Ropiak

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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“…An insufficient vaccine supply could cause a small outbreak to become an epidemic. Until recently, national veterinary services in South Korea had produced the rinderpest vaccine every year for emergency use (Yeh et al., 2011) because rinderpest is still recognized as an important livestock‐targeted bioterrorism threat to the Korean Peninsula. Because of more than sixty years of hostility between North and South Korea, the intentional introduction of rinderpest as an act of bioterrorism has a non‐negligible probability on the Korean Peninsula.…”

Section: Responding To Livestock‐targeted Bioterrorism With An Animalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Countering the Livestock-Targeted Bioterrorism Threat and Responding with an Animal Health Safeguarding System

Yeh

Lee

Park

et al. 2012

Transboundary and Emerging Diseases

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Attacks against livestock and poultry using biological agents constitute a subtype of agroterrorism. These attacks are defined as the intentional introduction of an animal infectious disease to strike fear in people, damage a nation's economy and/or threaten social stability. Livestock bioterrorism is considered attractive to terrorists because biological agents for use against livestock or poultry are more readily available and difficult to monitor than biological agents for use against humans. In addition, an attack on animal husbandry can have enormous economic consequences, even without human casualties. Animal husbandry is vulnerable to livestock-targeted bioterrorism because it is nearly impossible to secure all livestock animals, and compared with humans, livestock are less well-guarded targets. Furthermore, anti-livestock biological weapons are relatively easy to employ, and a significant effect can be produced with only a small amount of infectious material. The livestock sector is presently very vulnerable to bioterrorism as a result of large-scale husbandry methods and weaknesses in the systems used to detect disease outbreaks, which could aggravate the consequences of livestock-targeted bioterrorism. Thus, terrorism against livestock and poultry cannot be thought of as either a 'low-probability' or 'low-consequence' incident. This review provides an overview of methods to prevent livestock-targeted bioterrorism and respond to terrorism involving the deliberate introduction of a pathogen-targeting livestock and poultry.

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“…The LA96 strain, derived from the LA77 strain, was passaged in chicken embryo fibroblast cells. The genome sequences of the Kabete, RBOK, and LATC06 RPV strains have been analyzed (1,5). In recent publications, the complete genomic sequences of the lapinized Nakamura III strain and the Fusan strain, which are the classical isolates from cattle in Asia, have been reported (3).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Complete Genome Analysis of Three Live Attenuated Rinderpest Virus Vaccine Strains Derived through Serial Passages in Different Culture Systems

Jeoung

Lee

Yeh

et al. 2012

J Virol

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cThe genomes of three South Korean Rinderpest virus vaccine strains (L72, LA77, and LA96) were analyzed in order to investigate their genetic variability. These three vaccine strains were all derived from the same virus strain origin (Fusan) through repeated passages in different culture systems. The full genome length of the three strains was 15,882 nucleotides, and the sequence similarity between the three South Korean RPV strains at the nucleotide level was 98.1 to 98.9%. The genetic distance between Nakamura III, L72, LA77, LA96, and LATC06 and the Kabete strain was greater than that between the Fusan and Kabete strains for the P, V, and C genes. The difference in pathogenicity among these strains might be due to the V gene, which has a positive (>1) selection ratio based on the analysis of synonymous (dS) and nonsynonymous (dN) substitution rates (dN/dS ratio []). R inderpest virus (RPV) belongs to the genusMorbillivirus within the family Paramyxoviridae. It is related to the measles virus, canine and phocid (seal) distemper viruses, the cetacean morbillivirus, and the peste des petits ruminants virus (2). The L72 strain, derived from the Fusan strain (3), was passaged in rabbits. The LA77 strain, derived from the L72 strain, was passaged in chicken embryos. The LA96 strain, derived from the LA77 strain, was passaged in chicken embryo fibroblast cells. The genome sequences of the Kabete, RBOK, and LATC06 RPV strains have been analyzed (1, 5). In recent publications, the complete genomic sequences of the lapinized Nakamura III strain and the Fusan strain, which are the classical isolates from cattle in Asia, have been reported (3).Reverse transcription of RNA extracted from the three strains was performed using a cDNA synthesis kit (TaKaRa Bio, Inc., Japan) and either oligo(dT) or random primers. PCR was used to synthesize cDNA using overlapping fragments of 2 to 3 kb. Both strands were amplified using various primers spaced approximately 500 bases apart along the entire genome and sequenced using a 3730XL capillary DNA sequencer (ABI, United States).The amino acid sequence similarity between Fusan and other strains was lowest (Ͻ90%) within the P, C, and V proteins. The H protein of strain L72 showed 93.4% and 100% homology at the amino acid level with the Fusan and Nakamura III H proteins, respectively. The analysis of RPVs using PAL2NAL, which automatically calculates synonymous (dS) and nonsynonymous (dN) substitution rates using the codeml program in PMAL, showed that five genes (N, M, F, H and L) have low (dN/dS) ratios, but the P, C, and V genes have high ratios. The ratios of the V genes among the RPVs shown were considerably high, ranging from 0.83 to 1.49.

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Genetic characterization of the Korean LATC06 rinderpest vaccine strain

Cited by 3 publications

References 16 publications

Full genome sequencing of archived wild type and vaccine rinderpest virus isolates prior to their destruction

Full genome sequencing of archived wild type and vaccine rinderpest virus isolates prior to their destruction

Countering the Livestock-Targeted Bioterrorism Threat and Responding with an Animal Health Safeguarding System

Complete Genome Analysis of Three Live Attenuated Rinderpest Virus Vaccine Strains Derived through Serial Passages in Different Culture Systems

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