Genetic Compositions of Broad bean wilt virus 2 Infecting Red Pepper in Korea

Abstract

The incidence of Broad bean wilt virus 2 (BBWV2) on red pepper was investigated using the samples obtained from 24 areas of 8 provinces in Korea. Two hundred and five samples (79%) out of 260 collected samples were found to be infected with BBWV2. While the single infection rate of BBWV2 was 21.5%, the co-infection rate of BBWV2 with Cucumber mosaic virus, Pepper mottle virus, Pepper mild mottle virus and/or Potato virus Y was 78.5%. To characterize the genetic diversity of BBWV2 Korean isolates, 7 isolates were fully sequenced and analyzed. Phylogenetic analyses revealed that BBWV2 isolates could be divided largely into two groups as Group I and Group II. Based on the partial sequence analyses, 153 selected BBWV2 isolates were subgrouped into GS-I (21.6%), GS-II (3.9%) and GS-III (56.9%). BBWV2 GS-III, which was predominant in Korea, appears to be a new combination between Group I RNA-1 and Group II RNA-2. Viral disease incidence of BBWV2 on red pepper was under 2% before 2004. However, the incidence was increased abruptly to 41.3% in 2005, 58.2% in 2006 and 79% in 2007. These rapid increases might be related with the emergence of new combinations between BBWV2 groups.

Molecular Characterization and Variation of the Broad bean wilt virus 2 Isolates Based on Analyses of Complete Genome Sequences

“…To investigate the genetic diversity of BBWV2 Korean isolates, twenty-one BBWV2 isolates were collected from 6 natural plants (broad bean, pea, spinach, red pepper, bell pepper, and paprika) in 10 areas during the years 2006–2012: The full-genome sequences of 7 isolates from red pepper from our previous study ( Kwak et al, 2013 ) along with full-genome sequences of 14 additional isolates determined in this study were summarized in Table 1 . The representative symptoms include severe mosaic, vein clearing, stunting on the infected leaves and irregularly shaped coloring, chlorotic spot, and mosaic on the infected fruits ( Fig.…”

“…Nevertheless, molecular characterization of BBWV2 Korean isolates (except K isolate) has not been studied. Recently, we characterized seven BBWV2 isolates obtained from red pepper ( Kwak et al, 2013 ). In this study, we determined complete genome sequences of fourteen BBWV2 isolates collected from various plants including broad bean, pea, spinach, bell pepper, and paprika around the Korean Peninsula during the years 2006–2012.…”

The Current Incidence of Viral Disease in Korean Sweet Potatoes and Development of Multiplex RT-PCR Assays for Simultaneous Detection of Eight Sweet Potato Viruses

“…We extracted total nucleic acids from the infected leaf, petiole and stem samples using the Viral gene-spin™ viral DNA/RNA extraction kit (iNtRON, Korea), according to the manufacturer’s instructions. Typical RT-PCR assays were carried out using the primers shown in Table 3 in a two-step procedure using AMV reverse transcriptase (Promega, USA) for RT and Go-taq polymerase (Promega, USA) for PCR, as described by Kwak et al (2013) . Multiplex RT-PCR assays were performed using two-step RT-PCR or one-step RT-PCR.…”

Incidence and Occurrence Pattern of Viruses on Peppers Growing in Fields in Korea

“…Pepper golden mosaic virus (PepGMV), Pepper leafroll virus (PepLRV) Begomovirus (Kenyon , 2014b;Martinez-Ayala , 2014;Melgarejo , 2013 (Choi , 2002(Choi , , 2010Im , 1991;Kwak , 2013;Kim , 1990Kim , , 2012Lee , 2004).…”