Genetic control of fatty acid composition in seed oil of Sinapis alba L.

Abstract

Inheritance of fatty acid composition was studied in an Fl diallel cross in Sinapis alba. Crosses were made among accessions having contrasting amounts of oleic (C18 :1) and erucic (C22 :1) acid . Concentrations of oleic, linoleic (C18 :2), eicosenoic (C20 :1) and erucic (C22:1) acids were determined by gas-chromatography for each mating combination . Genetic analysis confirmed that the composition of the fatty acids was controlled mainly by the nuclear genes of the embryo . Additive gene action with partial dominance for the reducing alleles was noted for oleic and linoleic acids, while erucic acid showed an additive mode of inheritance with partial dominance for the enhancing alleles . Positive heterosis was demonstrated for eicosenoic acid content . Erucic acid content was strongly negatively correlated with oleic acid, suggesting a genetic interdependence between the two fatty acids . Broad-sense and narrow-sense heritability estimates for each of oleic, linoleic and erucic acids were very high, due to low between-plants non-genetic component of variance .

Analysis of genetic effects and heritabilities for linoleic and α‐linolenic acid content of Brassica napus L. across Chinese environments

“…These genetic manipulations have by far the greatest effect on seed oil fatty acid content. In Ecker and Yaniv's [15] study, the genetic effects of the additive effect was more important than the dominant effect. Stefansson [16] found C18:3 of rapeseed was controlled by minor genes.…”

“…By using a population free of erucic acid, the segregation pattern of C18:2 was fit for a model involving segregating alleles at two loci. Heritability for C18:2 was 0.70 [15]. Although the erucic acid content of rapeseed was found to be simultaneously controlled by the genetic main effects and genotype 6 environment (GE) interaction effects [18], there was little information about the embryo, cytoplasm and maternal main effects and their interaction effects for C18:2 and C18:3.…”

Genetic diversity for agronomic, morphological and seed quality traits in Sinapis alba L. (yellow mustard)

“…species, such as B. napus (2-hydroxy-3-butenyl and 3-butenyl glucosinolate), B. rapa (3-butenyl, 2-hydroxy-3-butenyl, 4-pentenyl, 2-hydroxy-4-pentenyl and indole glucosinolate) and B. juncea (2-propenyl glucosinolate for the European forms; 2-propenyl and 3-butenyl glucosinolate for the Indian forms) (Röbbelen and Thies 1980;Gland et al 1981). The development of vegetable oilseed yellow mustard requires parental strains with very low glucosinolate content (<0.1 µmol g -1 seed).…”

“…This result was consistent with PCA, which indicated the predominant role of C22:1 and C18:1, with associated C22 and C18 fatty acids, in the first principal component axis (Table 3). Both C22:1 and C18:1 are highly heritable traits, have low environmental variation (Ecker and Yaniv 1993;Drost 1999) and are, therefore, more precise classification variables than the other traits used in this study. The use of a range of classification variables allowed for the differentiation of accessions into agronomically meaningful clusters.…”

“…A comprehensive understanding of the genetic control of many important traits in S. alba is lacking except for fatty acid composition (Ecker and Yaniv 1993;Drost 1999) and 4-hydroxybenzyl glucosinolate content (Drost 1999). Other traits, such as the genetic control of seed colour, have not been elucidated.…”