Genetic diversity for agronomic, morphological and seed quality traits in Sinapis alba L. (yellow mustard)

Abstract

The objective of this research was to study the amount and pattern of phenotypic diversity among 179 Sinapis alba accessions maintained in germplasm collections at Plant Gene Resources of Canada (PGRC) and the Saskatoon Research Centre of Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada (SRC-AAFC). Accessions were evaluated in five field trials at Saskatoon from 1994 to 1998. Observations were recorded on number of days to flower and to mature, plant height, 1000-seed weight, oil and protein content and selected fatty acids and glucosinolates. Analysis of variance and mean comparisons were used to characterize variation in the germplasm. There was significant variation among accessions for all traits except some minor fatty acids and glucosinolates. Principal component analysis indicated that five or six principal components provided a good summary of the data, accounting for 75–80% of the variation. In all trials, the first principal component axis separated accessions predominantly on the basis of erucic acid (C22:1) and oleic acid (C18:1), with associated C22 and C18 fatty acids. The relative importance of agronomic, morphological and other seed quality traits varied among the trials, but they were always less important than C22:1 and C18:1. Cluster analysis generated 10–13 groups of accessions in each trial except in 1997 (five clusters). Distinct clusters were identified that possessed high or low values for C22:1, C18:1, oil and protein content, maturity, plant height and seed weight. Seed colour was not used as a classification variable; however, brown-seeded accessions were grouped into one distinct cluster due to a significantly higher level of C22:1 in these accessions. This study demonstrates that the S. alba accessions maintained at PGRC and SRC-AAFC are a source of genetic diversity for breeding both condiment (high glucosinolate and C22:1 content) and vegetable (low glucosinolate and C22:1 content) oilseed yellow mustard and for conducting genetic studies. Key words: Sinapis alba, genetic diversity, cluster analysis, principal component analysis

White Mustard (Sinapis alba L.) Oil in Biodiesel Production: A Review

“…The white mustard plant-aerial parts, seeds, oil and oil components, and essential oil-has a variety of applications in agriculture, food, and other industries, including medicine, culinary, and phytoremediation. The most important uses for white mustard are intercropping (Farooq et al, 2011;Paulsen, 2011;Rahman et al, 2018), biofumigation (Viuda-Martos et al, 2007;Arriaga-Madrid et al, 2017;Berlanas et al, 2018), phytoremediation (Kos et al, 2003;Jankowski et al, 2014;Popoviciu et al, 2017;Bulak et al, 2018), oilseed crop with high-quality properties (Raney et al, 1995), as a protein and amino acid source (Bell et al, 2000;Sarker et al, 2015), and as a condiment crop (Katepa-Mupondwa et al, 2005). White mustard oil also has many industrial applications, such as the production of bio-polyols for synthesis of rigid polyurethanepolyisocyanurate foams (Paciorek-Sadowska et al, 2018), edible biopolymer films for food packaging (Hendrix et al, 2012), and particle and interior boards, including furniture (Dukarska et al, 2011).…”

“…Sinapis alba L. (white or yellow mustard, also known as Brassica hirta) is an annual plant of the family Brassicaceae that originates from the Mediterranean region (Katepa-Mupondwa et al, 2005). It is found worldwide as a cultivated plant species as well as a weed.…”

“…It is a winter-spring plant that can be grown in short cycles, commonly in rotation with other cereal crops, with the possibility of second-crop cultures (Falasca and Ulberich, 2011). In Europe, white mustard is the most used mustard species (Monsalve et al, 1993) and in North America, it is the only species in commercial production for the food processing and condiment industries (Katepa-Mupondwa et al, 2005).…”

Quantitative Detection of Allergenic Protein Sin a 1 from Yellow Mustard (Sinapis alba L.) Seeds Using Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay

“…Compared to other Brassicaceae oil seed species such as Brassica napus L., Brassica rapa L., and Brassica juncea, S. alba L. has high content of seed proteins; 45.1 to 54.3% protein on an oil-free dry weight basis (19). Due to the high protein content, this protein rich seed could be further developed into a plant protein source.…”

Genetic Variation in Morphology, Seed Quality and Self-(in)Compatibility among the Inbred Lines Developed from a Population Variety in Outcrossing Yellow Mustard (Sinapis alba)

“…Yellow mustard germplasm with different erucic acid contents was reported before [ 4 , 13 , 14 , 15 ]. Zero erucic acid (0.1%) line was developed via inbreeding at Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada-Saskatoon Research Centre (AAFC-SRC) [ 16 , 17 ].…”