Genetic differentiation within the inbred C57BL/6J mouse strain

Niu, Yulan; Liang, Shu-long

doi:10.1111/j.1469-7998.2008.00546.x

Cited by 11 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Nevertheless, this apparent inconsistency between similar crosses suggests that our TRD QTL could be due to recent mutations, perhaps still polymorphic in the strain of origin. Recent work has revealed a continuous and relevant uploading and removal of new mutations in inbred mouse strains (Casellas and Medrano 2008;Niu and Liang 2009), and this source of genetic variation could be the origin of the TRD QTL. Thus, TRD loci or mutations must be evaluated in the specific cross where they were detected, developing an F 3 generation with a subset of F 2 mice whose recombination pattern targets a given TRD QTL, or with the use of congenic strains.…”

Section: Origin Of the Trd Locimentioning

confidence: 99%

Genome Scans for Transmission Ratio Distortion Regions in Mice

et al. 2012

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Transmission ratio distortion (TRD) is the departure from the expected genotypic frequencies under Mendelian inheritance. This departure can be due to multiple physiological mechanisms during gametogenesis, fertilization, fetal and embryonic development, and early neonatal life. Although a few TRD loci have been reported in mouse, inheritance patterns have never been evaluated for TRD. In this article, we developed a Bayesian binomial model accounting for additive and dominant deviation TRD mechanisms. Moreover, this model was used to perform genome-wide scans for TRD quantitative trait loci (QTL) on six F 2 mouse crosses involving between 296 and 541 mice and between 72 and 1854 genetic markers. Statistical significance of each model was checked at each genetic marker with Bayes factors. Genome scans revealed overdominance TRD QTL located in mouse chromosomes 1, 2, 12, 13, and 14 and additive TRD QTL in mouse chromosomes 2, 3, and 15, although these results did not replicate across mouse crosses. This research contributes new statistical tools for the analysis of specific genetic patterns involved in TRD in F 2 populations, our results suggesting a relevant incidence of TRD phenomena in mouse with important implications for both statistical analyses and biological research.

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Section: Origin Of the Trd Locimentioning

confidence: 99%

Genome Scans for Transmission Ratio Distortion Regions in Mice

et al. 2012

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“…selection) changes in the genetic background of our inbred strains. Indeed, involuntary genetic divergence between sublines has been reported in AKR (Acton et al, 1973), BALB/c (Ciaranello et al, 1974), C3H (Glode and Rosenstreich, 1976;Whitmore and Whitmore, 1985), CBA (Whitmore and Whitmore, 1985) and C57BL/6J (Silvers and Gasser, 1973;Niu and Liang, 2009) populations among others. In a similar way, inbred strains have effectively responded to selection (Caballero et al, 1995;Keightley, 1998).…”

Section: Polygenic Mutational Variancementioning

confidence: 98%

Inbred mouse strains and genetic stability: a review

Casellas

2011

Animal

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Inbred mice were essential animal models for scientific research during the 20th century and will contribute decisive results in the current and next centuries. Far from becoming an obsolete research tool, the generation of new inbred strains is continuing and such strains are being used in many research fields. However, their genetic properties have been overlooked for decades, although recent research has revealed new insights into their genetic fragility and relative instability. Contrary to what we usually assume, inbred mice are far from being completely isogenic and both single-gene major mutations and polygenic mutational variability are continuously uploading into inbred populations as new sources of genetic polymorphisms. Note that several inbred strains from new major mutations are released every year, whereas small mutations can accumulate up to accounting for a significant percentage of the phenotypic variance (e.g. 4.5% in a recent study on C57BL/6J mice). Moreover, this genetic heterogeneity can be maintained for several generations by heterozygote selection and, if fixed instead of dropping off, genetic drift must be anticipated. The contribution of accidental genetic contamination in inbred strains must also be considered, although its incidence in current breeding stocks should be minimal, or even negligible. This review revisits several relevant topics for current inbred strains, discussing the latest cutting-edge results within the context of the genetic homogeneity and stability of laboratory mice. Inbred mice can no longer be considered as completely isogenic, but provide a remarkably homogeneous animal model with an inevitable moderate-to-low degree of genetic variability. Despite a certain degree of genetic heterogeneity becoming inescapable, inbred mice still provide very useful animal models with evident advantages when compared with outbred, that is, highly variable, populations.Keywords: heterozygote selection, inbred strain, isogenicity, mouse, mutation Implications Inbred mice are basic tools for multiple research fields. Despite their relevance, their genetic architecture was overlooked for decades and recent research evidenced their genetic fragility, and even instability. Within this context, this review revisits several hot topics for current inbred strains, discussing the latest cutting-edge results on mutation and genetic drift, and characterizing other sources of genetic heterogeneity such as heterozygote selection or contamination. Far from invalidating the usefulness of inbred mice in research, this review was an attempt to describe the different sources of allogenicity and warns about potential consequences on the genetic stability of mice.

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“…In general, wild populations have a higher genetic diversity compared to the inbred strain or domestic breeds. Analysis of the inbred C57BL/6J mouse strain using microsatellite markers revealed a lower expected heterozygosity (＜0.5) (Niu & Liang，2009), but the expected heterozygosity of the wild house mouse (Mus musculus) reached 0.62 in population from Cameroon and 0.82 in population from Germany (Thomas et al, 2005). Based on the analyses of 19 microsatellite loci, three pure breeds of dog (Greyhounds, Labradors and German Shepherds) showed expected low heterozygosities of 0.357, 0.481 and 0.431, respectively (Zajc et al, 1997).…”

Section: Disccussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of 12 polymorphic microsatellite markers in the Chinese tree shrew ( Tupaia belangeri chinensis )

Liu

Yao²

2013

Zoological Research

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Abstract:The Chinese tree shrew (Tupaia belangeri chinensis) is a small experimental animal with a close affinity to primates. This species has long been proposed to be an alternative experimental animal to primates in biomedical research. Despite decades of study, there is no pure breed for this animal, and the overall genetic diversity of wild tree shrews remains largely unknown. In order to obtain a set of genetic markers for evaluating the genetic diversity of tree shrew wild populations and tracing the lineages in inbreeding populations, we developed 12 polymorphic microsatellite markers from the genomic DNA of the tree shrew. An analysis of a wild population of 117 individuals collected from the suburb of Kunming, China, showed that these loci exhibited a highly expected heterozygosity (0.616). These 12 microsatellites were sufficient for individual identification and parentage analysis. The microsatellite markers developed in this study will be of use in evaluating genetic diversity and lineage tracing for the tree shrew.

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Genetic differentiation within the inbred C57BL/6J mouse strain

Cited by 11 publications

References 21 publications

Genome Scans for Transmission Ratio Distortion Regions in Mice

Genome Scans for Transmission Ratio Distortion Regions in Mice

Inbred mouse strains and genetic stability: a review

Characterization of 12 polymorphic microsatellite markers in the Chinese tree shrew ( Tupaia belangeri chinensis )

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