Genetic Diversity Analysis of Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius) Accessions from Different Geographic Origins using ISSR Markers

Abstract

Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius) is an oilseed crop with high quality vegetable seed oil. A set of 55 accessions from different geographical origins were introduced to constitute a breeding program germplasm. These materials were characterized by inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) as a simple method to reveal polymorphism among them. ISSR analysis was carried out with 13 primers. After agarose gels analysis, ISSR banding patterns were converted into binary data of presence-non presence and matrices were processed. Genetic distances between all pairwise combinations of the accessions were calculated using similarity of simple coefficient matching (SCM). Dendrogram of studied accessions was constructed using the UPGMA (unweighted pair group method arithmetic average) method. A high number of reproducible ISSR bands exhibited a high percentage of polymorphism (69.64%), indicating a high genetic diversity among the material studied. The lowest similarity coefficient was 0.462, observed between accessions 109 and 135, whilst the highest one was 0.962, observed between accessions 68 and 126, with an average of 0.726. Dendrogram similarity relationships revealed some clusters according to different genetic pools. The ISSR markers were very informative and exhibited a high level of polymorphism. The findings of this study would be useful for safflower breeding program in Morocco as well as in other countries of the world.

Mobile genomic element diversity in world collection of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) panel using iPBS-retrotransposon markers

“…The PIC was found higher (0.48) in this work than in the findings by Ambreen et al [12], Ambreen et al [13], Barati and Arzani [49], Derakhshan et al [50], Hamdan et al [33], and Lee et al [17], all of whom used SSR markers to evaluate the genetic diversity in safflower. In their works, Houmanat et al [51] found lower PIC value of 0.23 relative to this study, using ISSRs markers in safflower. These results clearly suggest that more diverse iPBS-retrotransposon markers loci can be identified and effectively used as a tool for assessing genetic diversity and other investigations relying on genetic variants.…”

Molecular characterization of genetic diversity and similarity centers of safflower accessions with ISSR markers

“…Genetic diversity characterization within safflower gene pools is vital for its development and improvement. Our results about mean polymorphism (93.844%) was higher to that of Houmanat et al (2016), as they found mean polymorphism of 63.38% using ISSR markers evaluating a safflower set of 55 accessions. Similarly, Golkar et al (2011) reported lower polymorphism (70%) than ours using ISSR markers.…”

“…They evaluated 25 safflower accessions using 13 ISSR markers. Moreover, Houmanat et al (2016) revealed lower PIC value (0.23) than us using ISSR markers in safflower. The presence of higher number of effective alleles revealed the availability of maximum level of genetic diversity and is always desirable.…”

“…ISSR markers have been effectively employed for the determination of genetic diversity and molecular characterization of different crops including; cluster bean (Ansari et al 2016), Chickpea (Gautam et al 2016), and Brassica (Khalil and El zayat 2019). Besides these crops, ISSR markers were also used for the genetic diversity and molecular characterization of safflower by various researchers (Yang et al 2007;Sabzalian et al 2009;Golkar et al 2011;Bagmohammadi et al 2012;Majidi and Zadhoush 2014;Houmanat et al 2016) revealing its efficient potential for the germplasm characterization. The current study was aimed to determine the genetic diversity, population structure, and safflower similarity centers at molecular level using ISSR markers, and the useful information will be then used for the future safflower breeding programs by the scientific community.…”

Correlation Analysis of Yield and Photosynthetic Traits with Simple Repeat Sequence (SSR) Markers in Maize

“…Understanding and mastering crop genotype is the premise for the scientific research and breeding of new hybrids. Currently, the main method to study plant quantitative traits is drawing genetic linkage map using different molecular markers and proper segregation populations (Houmanat et al, 2016;Wang et al, 2017). However, there are some shortages about genetic linkage mapping, including difficult in constructing appropriate segregating population in short time, and only could involve two allele loci.…”