Genetic diversity and mixed infections of begomoviruses infecting tomato, pepper and cucurbit crops in Nicaragua

Abstract

Begomoviruses were detected in Nicaraguan fields of tomato ( Lycopersicon esculentum ) and adjacently growing plants of pepper ( Capsicum annuum ), chilli pepper ( C . baccatum ), cushaw ( Cucurbita argyrosperma ) and Mexican fireplant ( Euphorbia heterophylla ) using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and universal begomovirus primers. All tomato and Mexican fireplant plants showing symptoms were infected with begomoviruses, while only 30 -46% of the pepper, chilli pepper and cushaw plants showing symptoms tested virus-positive. No begomoviruses were found in potato. The virus species were provisionally identified by sequencing 533 bp of the viral coat protein gene ( AV1 ). Tomato severe leaf curl virus (ToSLCV), Tomato leaf curl Sinaloa virus (ToLCSinV) and Pepper golden mosaic virus (PepGMV) were found to infect both tomato and pepper. A new provisional species designated Tomato leaf curl Las Playitas virus (ToLCLPV) was detected in a tomato plant. Squash yellow mottle virus (SYMoV) and PepGMV were found in cucurbits, the latter for the first time in this host. Euphorbia mosaic virus (EuMV) was detected in Mexican fireplant. Sequencing of a larger number of PCR-amplified clones from selected plants revealed intraspecific viral sequence variability, and also multiple begomovirus infections which could represent up to three species in a single tomato or cushaw plant. Phylogenetic grouping of virus sequences did not correlate with the host of origin.

Occurrence of Squash yellow mild mottle virus and Pepper golden mosaic virus in Potential New Hosts in Costa Rica

“…Additionally, this virus has been detected in Cucurbita argyrosperma in Nicaragua (Ala-Poikela et al, 2005) as well as in cucurbits in this study. However, this is the first report of a begomovirus (PepGMV) in Sechium edule (chayote) in the Western Hemisphere.…”

Comparative Genomic Hybridization Analysis of Two Predominant Nordic Group I (Proteolytic) Clostridium botulinum Type B Clusters

“…In addition to PCR, amplification fragments representing 12 CDSs predicted to discriminate between strains within cluster BI or BII based on signal log ratios or GACK results were sequenced using primers described in Table S1 in the supplemental material. Sequencing was carried out using an Applied Biosystems ABI Prism 3130xl genetic analyzer (1). Sequence data were analyzed with Staden package release 1.6.0 (32), where base calling was done using Phred (7).…”

First report of the identification of Moroccan watermelon mosaic virus in papaya in Democratic Republic of Congo

“…Two small partial sequences from Jamaica (AF035224 and U82829) also aligned with more than 90% identity. ToMHV was first identified and sequenced in Cuba and found to be a distinct begomovirus (Martinez Zubiaur et al ., 1998 (Rojas et al ., 2000;Ala-Poikela et al ., 2005). However, these surveys failed to detect ToMHV.…”