Genetic diversity between seven Central European cattle breeds as revealed by microsatellite analysis

Abstract

This study compares the genetic variation in seven cattle breeds from theterritory ofCentralEurope. Eleven polymorphic microsatellite loci were used to detect differences in the polymorphism of genetic markers in Czech Pied (Simmental), Slovakian Pied (Simmental), Slovakian Pinzgau,Holstein, Polish Red, German Red, and Czech Red breeds. For these loci, allele frequencies, heterozygosity, polymorphism information content, effective population size, and genetic distances were evaluated. The phylogenetic tree was constructed using the unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean and it showed that the Central European Red breeds tended to cluster together, whereas theHolstein was the most divergent from the remaining breeds. These data are discussed in the context of the known origin of respective breeds.  

Evaluation of 11 microsatellite loci for their use in paternity testing in Yugoslav Pied cattle (YU Simmental cattle)

“…However, the mean n A per locus in the Yugoslav Pied cattle population analysed in our study (8.273) is higher than 7.90 found in Czech Pied and 7.45 found in Slovakian Pied (Czerneková et al, 2006) or 7.27 found in Simmental cattle from Poland (Choroszy et al, 2006). Moreover, total number of alleles we observed in Yugoslav Pied cattle (91) (Czerneková et al, 2006) and 0.641 in Simmental cattle from Poland (Choroszy et al, 2006). As shown in Table 1, Ho ranged from 0.452 (TGLA122) to 0.774 (INRA023), with the mean value of 0.651, whilst He varied from 0.557 (ETH10) to 0.893 (TGLA53), with an average of 0.750.…”

“…The observed deviations from HWE at five loci could be a result of the specific selection programs. The means for n A and He (Table 1) indicate high levels of genetic diversity in the population studied as found in other Simmental breeds of cattle (Janík et al, 2001;Choroszy et al, 2006;Czerneková et al, 2006).…”

“…The markers tested in this study were tested in other breeds of Simmental cattle (from Poland, Slovak Republic, Czech Republic) and appeared highly polymorphic (Janík et al, 2001;Choroszy et al, 2006;Czerneková et al, 2006). However, the mean n A per locus in the Yugoslav Pied cattle population analysed in our study (8.273) is higher than 7.90 found in Czech Pied and 7.45 found in Slovakian Pied (Czerneková et al, 2006) or 7.27 found in Simmental cattle from Poland (Choroszy et al, 2006).…”

“…In addition, microsatellites were used for the analyses of genetic diversity in cattle (Čítek and Řehout, 2001;Grzybowski and Prusak, 2004a,b;Zhou et al, 2005;Czerneková et al, 2006;Čítek et al, 2006;Zaton-Dobrowolska et al, 2007). Polymorphisms of genes associated with milk production parameters and quality of milk were investigated in Czech Fleckvieh (Kučerová et al, 2006;Matějíček et al, 2007) since such loci can be taken into account as a suitable supplement to conventional breeding procedures (Přibyl, 1995).…”

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“…Polymorphism information content ranged from 0.575 (SPS115, 8 alleles) to 0.816 (TGLA227, 12 alleles) with average value 0.713, which confirms a high polymorphism of each analyzed microsatellite. Our results are comparable to those of Holstein cattle found by Heyen et al (1997) in the USA, Visscher et al (2002) in the UK, or Czerneková et al (2006) in the Czech Republic, and higher than those published by Radko et al (2005) in Poland. Generally, the higher the heterozygosity, the higher the genetic variation of the population and its genetic polymorphism, and the more suitable is the marker for individual identification.…”