Genetic diversity of grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) cultivars in Al-Madinah Al-Munawara based on molecular markers and morphological traits

Abstract

Grapevine is one of the major fruit trees in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. This study aims to discriminate and assess the genetic diversity in three grapevine cultivars in Al- Madinah through the combination of characterization using both classical ampelographic as well as ampelometric studies with molecular markers using Randomly Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD), Inter Simple Sequence Repeat (ISSR) and Start Codon Targeted Polymorphism (SCoT). For the ampelographic analysis, twelve OIV descriptors were used, and for the ampelometric analysis, the fully expanded mature leaves area were automatedly measured. The genetic distance among the three grapevines cultivars, calculated using Jaccard's coefficient, ranged from 0.7577 (between AL Nakheel and Banati) to 0.4501 (between AL Nakheel and Ahmer). The molecular analysis was based on the use of thirty-one primers; ten RAPD primers, seven ISSR primers and fourteen SCoT primers. RAPD primers generated the highest polymorphism (67%), while the level of polymorphism with ISSR primers was 36% and with SCoT 44%. All of the three markers generated similar dendrograms, and the genetic distance generated with RAPD was higher compared with SCoT and ISSR. The three markers RAPD, ISSR and SCoT were combined and amalgamated with the morphological data, and combined dendrogram was generated and discussed. AL Nakheel and Ahmer cultivars were found to be more closely related to each other than Banati which was separated in a different cluster. Both methods were effectively efficient for complete identification of grapevine and for studying the genetic diversity between closely related cultivars.
 Bangladesh J. Plant Taxon. 27(1): 113-127, 2020 (June)

Description and Evaluation of Some Newly Introduced Grape Cultivars Under Egyptian Conditions وصف وتقييم بعض أصناف العنب المستوردة حديثاً تحت الظروف المصرية

“…More importantly, SCoT marker is generated from the functional region of the genome, so genetic analyses such as genetic diversity, genotype identification, construction of linkage maps and QTL mapping using this marker would be more useful (Hajibarat et al, 2015). This result agrees with Gorji et al (2011) in Potato and Etminan et al (2016) in durum wheat, Abdel-Hameed et al (2020), andBashandy et al (2020) in grape. They found that the SCoT marker was more informative and effective than the ISSR marker to estimate the genetic diversity and perform fingerprinting in these plants.…”

“…Previous studies were focused on describing and evaluating grape cultivars (Brooks and Olmo 1972;Watt, 1983;Walker and Boursiquote, 1992;Abd El-Kawi and El-Yam, 1992 a, b and c;Abd El-Fattah and Kastor, 1993 a and b;Morrison, 1994;Tourky et al, 1995;El-Sharkawy 1995;Fawzy 1998;Marwad, 2002 a and b;Gaser, 2006;Girgis 2007;Sabry et al, 2009;Abd El-Rahman, 2016;Tarbia, 2017 andEl-Morsy et al, 2017). Recently, some studies have used SCoT and ISSR markers successfully together successfully in the molecular diversity assessment of grape varieties, such as Abdel-Hameed et al (2020) and Bashandy et al (2020). Whereas they explain that both methods were effectively efficient for studying the genetic diversity in grape until between closely related cultivars.…”

Evaluation of genetic diversity of figs (Ficus carica L.) in Sulaymaniyah governorate using morphological, pomological and ISSR molecular marker

“…It offers several advantages over other overwhelming markers, and this way has been widely used for plant genomic analysis (Al-Ameri et al, 2016). Furthermore, according to Abdel Hameed et al (2020), the genetic diversity with a combined ISSR and SCoT showed that the use of both markers award a very efficient, cridable and more superior outcomes than the use of single markers.…”