Genetic diversity of Pantoea stewartii subspecies stewartii causing jackfruit-bronzing disease in Malaysia

Abstract

Jackfruit-bronzing is caused by bacteria Pantoea stewartii subspecies stewartii (P. stewartii subsp. stewartii), showing symptoms of yellowish-orange to reddish discolouration and rusty specks on pulps and rags of jackfruit. Twenty-eight pure bacterial strains were collected from four different jackfruit outbreak collection areas in Peninsular Malaysia (Jenderam, Maran, Muadzam Shah and Ipoh). Positive P. stewartii subsp. stewartii verification obtained in the study was based on the phenotypic, hypersensitivity, pathogenicity and molecular tests. Multilocus sequence analysis (MLSA) was performed using four housekeeping genes (gyrB, rpoB, atpD and infB) on all 28 bacterial strains. Single gyrB, rpoB, atpD and infB phylogenetic trees analyses revealed the bootstrap value of 99-100% between our bacterial strains with P. stewartii subsp. stewartii reference strains and P. stewartii subsp. indologenes reference strains. On the other hand, phylogenetic tree of the concatenated sequences of the four housekeeping genes revealed that our 28 bacterial strains were more closely related to P. stewartii subsp. stewartii (99% similarities) compared to its close relative P. stewartii subsp. indologenes, although sequence similarity between these two subspecies were up to 100%. All the strains collected from the four collection areas clustered together, pointing to no variation among the bacterial strains. This study improves our understanding and provided new insight on the genetic diversity of P. stewartii subsp. stewartii associated with jackfruit-bronzing in Malaysia.

Detection of bacterial pathogen on corn plants and test the potential of endophytic microbes to controlling stewart wilt disease in vitro

“…Pure cultures of Pnss bacteria were observed for biochemical characteristics such as Gram staining, catalase test, growth test on selective media [16] and hypersensitivity reaction test using tobacco plants.…”

“…A positive response was indicated by the presence of necrosis symptoms in the inoculated part of the pathogenic bacteria. According to [ 16] that the hypersensitivity response in plants is that the symptoms begin with the yellowing of tobacco leaves until there is limited necrosis of the tissue infiltrated by the pathogen suspension.…”

Status and Recent Developments of Pantoea stewartii subsp. stewartii Causes the Wilt Disease in Maize in Indonesia: A Review

“…In addition, not all regions have molecular detection and identification facilities, including most areas in eastern Indonesia. However, in recent years, detection and identification have been carried out by combining physiological, biochemical and molecular testing methods for the detection and identification of the presence of pathogenic bacteria (Suryani et al, 2012;Choi and Kim, 2013;Temaja et al, 2017;Abidin et al, 2020).…”

Pathogenic Variability of the Jackfruit-Bronzing Bacterium Pantoea stewartii Subspecies stewartii Infection to Jackfruit Varieties and Its Pivotal Plant Hosts in Malaysia

“…Jackfruit-bronzing disease on the variety J33 was first reported in Muadzam Shah, Pahang, Peninsular Malaysia in 2017 [7] and remains a current threat in the jackfruit industries in Malaysia [3,8,9]. Jackfruit plantations with evidence of jackfruit-bronzing disease have also been reported in the Philippines and Mexico [10,11].…”