Genetic diversity of Sudanese pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.) landraces as revealed by SSR markers, and relationship between genetic and agro-morphological diversity

Bashir, Elfadil; Ali, Asif; Ali, A. M.; Mohamed, El Tahir Ibrahim; Melchinger, Albrecht E.; Parzies, Heiko K.; Haussmann, Bettina I. G.

doi:10.1007/s10722-014-0183-5

Cited by 36 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…This indicates high levels of allelic exchange and vast gene flow and can be explained by high outcrossing rates (Sandmeier, 1993; vom Brocke et al, 2003). Observing the largest percentage of molecular variance within, not among, groups seems to be common in Sudano‐Sahelian pearl millets (vom Brocke et al, 2003; Lewis, 2010; Stich et al, 2010; Bashir et al, 2014b).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of Combining Ability Patterns for Pearl Millet Hybrid Breeding in West Africa

et al. 2019

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Diets of West African (WA) smallholder farmers are built on pearl millet [Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.]. Sustainable pearl millet hybrid breeding is challenging in WA, mostly due to an extensive genetic diversity combined with a high degree of admixture. In the absence of natural heterotic groups, understanding combining ability patterns can enable systematic development of heterotic groups and make sustainable hybrid breeding feasible. The objectives of this study were to evaluate heterosis and combining ability patterns and their relationship with genetic distance among WA pearl millets based on population hybrids, and to derive conclusions for future breeding programs. Therefore, 17 open‐pollinated varieties (OPVs) were crossed in a diallel mating design and tested together with their offspring in nine environments over 2 yr in Niger and Senegal. Genetic distances between the OPVs were evaluated with twenty microsatellite markers. Average panmictic better‐parent heterosis (PBPH) was 18% (1–47%) for panicle yield. A principal coordinate analysis based on genotyping results separated parental OPVs clearly by geographic origin. Although there was no relationship between genetic distance among OPVs and PBPH, we confirmed good combining ability among selected OPVs from Niger vs. Senegal. The identified cultivars (Nigerien CIVT, H80‐10Gr, and Taram and Senegalese Thialack 2 and Souna 3) with high combining ability are recommended for founding divergent heterotic pools targeting long‐panicle pearl millet hybrids. Our study shows the benefits of population hybrids and represents an important step to identify combining ability patterns and initial heterotic groups for WA pearl millet hybrid breeding.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of Combining Ability Patterns for Pearl Millet Hybrid Breeding in West Africa

et al. 2019

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“…In WA, there have been only very limited systematic studies on population hybrids including diverse pearl millet populations or OPVs as parents. Previous pearl millet studies using genotypic and phenotypic data generally showed that genetically clearly distinct groups do not exist for WA pearl millet germplasm, rather a high degree of admixture was found (Bashir et al, 2014;Hu et al, 2015;Pucher et al, 2015). Similarly, Stich et al (2010) did not observe clearly distinct clusters although they identified five subgroups using the software STRUCTURE (Pritchard et al, 2000) within a collection of 145 WA inbred lines genotyped with SSR markers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Combining ability patterns among West African pearl millet landraces and prospects for pearl millet hybrid breeding

Pucher

Sanogo

et al. 2016

Field Crops Research

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a b s t r a c tPearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.) is an important hybrid crop in India. However, to date limited pearl millet hybrid development has been undertaken in West Africa (WA), which is the center of pearl millet origin and diversity and where this crop is most important outside India. Using a diverse set of WA pearl millet germplasm, objectives of this study were to determine the superiority of population hybrids over open-pollinated varieties for agro-morphological and agronomic traits in WA pearl millet germplasm; and (ii) to derive strategies for pearl millet hybrid breeding in WA, based on quantitativegenetic parameters, combining ability and heterotic patterns among geographically close versus distant pearl millet populations. A 10 × 10 factorial mating design was performed with four parental OPVs from each of five WA countries. The 100 population hybrids and their parents were tested for 14 traits at six locations in one year, thereby using contrasting locations to indirectly sample the rainfall variability inherent to WA pearl millet production environments. Grain yield showed an average panmictic midparent heterosis (PMpH) of 16.7%, ranging from −26 to 73%. The mean grain yield of hybrids based on inter-country crosses did not differ significantly from intra-country crosses. Geographic distance between parents was positively correlated with hybrid grain yield (r = 0.31), but not with PMpH . Some crosses between accessions from Niger/Nigeria and Senegal were outstanding. Predictability of population hybrid performance for grain yield was moderate based on midparent values (r = 0.43) and slightly better based on general combining ability (GCA) (r = 0.56). Overall, pearl millet hybrid breeding in WA seems very promising, but there do not seem to be clear "natural" heterotic groups among WA pearl millet landraces. Such heterotic groups as the basis of sustainable hybrid breeding need rather to be created systematically, by building on existing combining ability patterns and aiming to maximize combining ability between the groups.

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“…To date, most of the investigations on genetic diversity in pearl millet have been based on morphological traits and pedigree analyses, while few are based on SSR markers (Chowdari et al, 1998;Mariac et al, 2006;Stich et al, 2010;Nepolean et al, 2012;Singh et al, 2013a;Bashir et al, 2014;Gupta et al, 2015). Thus, the present study was undertaken to assess the genetic diversity in hybrid parents of pearl millet using two different marker systems, SSRs and SNPs, to understand the patterns of genetic variability and its association with heterosis to help pearl millet breeders strategize productivity enhancement in this crop.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic Diversity Patterns and Heterosis Prediction Based on SSRs and SNPs in Hybrid Parents of Pearl Millet

et al. 2018

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The present investigation was performed to assess genetic divergence and heterosis prediction in hybrid parents of pearl millet [Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R Br.] using simple sequence repeat (SSR) and single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers. Using 56 SSR loci, 412 alleles were detected in 147 lines with an average of 7.36 alleles per locus, and 75,007 SNP loci were detected in 117 lines. Both SSR‐ and SNP‐based clustering and structure analysis partitioned all maintainer (B) and restorer (R) lines into two clear‐cut separate groups, indicating the existence of two diverse gene pools, each representing the seed and restorer parents in pearl millet. Results of analysis of molecular variance and principal coordinate analysis also showed significant diversity between B and R lines. The correlation between parental genetic distances estimated based on SSRs and SNPs was high and significant (r = 0.58, p <.01). Similar clustering pattern of hybrid parents was observed with both marker systems, although the cost of genotyping was 41% less with SNPs than with SSRs, and the ratio of loci detected with SNPs was much higher (1:364 SSR/SNP), hence the use of SNPs is indicated over SSRs for germplasm characterization. A set of 136 hybrids (including all B × B, R × R, and B × R crosses) generated crossing 17 hybrid parents (nine B lines and eight R lines) in half diallel (without reciprocal) fashion, and evaluation at two locations revealed that the correlation between genetic distance and better parent heterosis for grain yield was moderate, positive, and significant (with SSR, 0.33, p <.01; with SNP, 0.35, p <.01), hence both SSRs and SNPs were found comparable in results for heterosis prediction.

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Genetic diversity of Sudanese pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.) landraces as revealed by SSR markers, and relationship between genetic and agro-morphological diversity

Cited by 36 publications

References 49 publications

Identification of Combining Ability Patterns for Pearl Millet Hybrid Breeding in West Africa

Identification of Combining Ability Patterns for Pearl Millet Hybrid Breeding in West Africa

Combining ability patterns among West African pearl millet landraces and prospects for pearl millet hybrid breeding

Genetic Diversity Patterns and Heterosis Prediction Based on SSRs and SNPs in Hybrid Parents of Pearl Millet

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