Genetic diversity of Trypanosoma cruzi parasites infecting dogs in southern Louisiana sheds light on parasite transmission cycles and serological diagnostic performance

Dumonteil, Eric; Elmayan, Ardem; Majeau, Alicia; Tu, Weihong; Duhon, Brandy; Marx, Preston A.; Wolfson, Wendy; Balsamo, Garry; Herrera, Claudia

doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0008932

Cited by 23 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…At each of the three time points, serum samples were tested for T. cruzi antibodies using three serological tests: Chagas Stat-Pak (ChemBio, Medford, NY, USA), Chagas Detect Plus Rapid Test (InBios International, Inc., Seattle, WA, USA), and an indirect fluorescent antibody (IFA) test. The Chagas Stat-Pak and Chagas Detect Plus are rapid tests that, while not labeled for use in dogs, have been shown to be sensitive and specific to detect T. cruzi antibodies and are commonly used in dogs for research purposes [26,36,37]. Serum samples were tested according the manufacturer's instructions, and results were determined after 15 minutes.…”

Section: Serologymentioning

confidence: 99%

High incidence of Trypanosoma cruzi infections in dogs directly detected through longitudinal tracking at 10 multi-dog kennels, Texas, USA

et al. 2021

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Canine Chagas disease, caused by the protozoan parasite Trypanosoma cruzi, is increasingly recognized as a health concern for dogs in the USA, and infected dogs may signal geographic regions of risk for human disease. Dogs living in multi-dog kennel environments (kennels with more than one dog) where triatomine vectors are endemic may be at high risk for infection. We monitored a cohort of 64 T. cruzi-infected and uninfected dogs across 10 kennels in Texas, USA, to characterize changes in infection status over one year. We used robust diagnostic criteria in which reactivity on multiple independent platforms was required to be considered positive. Among the 30 dogs enrolled as serologically- and/or PCR-positive, all but one dog showed sustained positive T. cruzi diagnostic results over time. Among the 34 dogs enrolled as serologically- and PCR-negative, 10 new T. cruzi infections were recorded over a 12-month period. The resulting incidence rate for dogs initially enrolled as T. cruzi-negative was 30.7 T. cruzi infections per 100 dogs per year. This study highlights the risk of T. cruzi infection to dogs in kennel environments. To protect both dog and human health, there is an urgent need to develop more integrated vector control methods as well as prophylactic and curative antiparasitic treatment options for T. cruzi infection in dogs.

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Section: Serologymentioning

confidence: 99%

High incidence of Trypanosoma cruzi infections in dogs directly detected through longitudinal tracking at 10 multi-dog kennels, Texas, USA

et al. 2021

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“…At each of the three time points, serum samples were tested for T. cruzi antibodies using three serological tests: Chagas Stat-Pak (ChemBio, Medford, NY, USA), Chagas Detect Plus Rapid Test (InBios International, Inc., Seattle, WA, USA), and an indirect fluorescent antibody (IFA) test. The Chagas Stat-Pak and Chagas Detect Plus are rapid tests that, while not labeled for use in dogs, have been shown to be sensitive and specific to detect T. cruzi antibodies and are commonly used in dogs for research purposes (25, 35, 36). Serum samples were tested according the manufacturer’s instructions, and results were determined after 15 minutes.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unprecedented incidence of Trypanosoma cruzi infections in a cohort of dogs directly detected through longitudinal tracking at multi-dog kennels, Texas, USA

et al. 2021

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Canine Chagas disease, caused by the protozoan parasite Trypanosoma cruzi, is increasingly recognized as a health concern for dogs in the USA, and infected dogs may signal geographic regions of risk for human disease. Dogs living in multi-dog kennel environments where triatomine vectors are endemic may be at high risk for infection. We monitored a cohort of 64 T. cruzi -infected and uninfected dogs from across 10 kennels in Texas, USA, to characterize changes in infection status over time. We used robust diagnostic criteria in which reactivity on multiple independent platforms was required to be considered positive. Among the 30 dogs enrolled as serologically- and/or PCR-positive, all but one dog showed sustained positive T. cruzi diagnostic results over time. Among the 34 dogs enrolled as serologically- and PCR-negative, 10 new T. cruzi infections were recorded over a 12-month period. The resulting incidence rate was 30.7 T. cruzi infections per 100 dogs per year. This study highlights the risk of T . cruzi infection to dogs in kennel environments, despite multiple vector control methods employed by kennel owners. To protect both dog and human health, there is an urgent need to develop more integrated vector control methods as well as prophylactic and curative antiparasitic treatment options for T. cruzi infection in dogs.

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“…The inside of the abdomen was washed twice with 0.2 ml of sterile water using a 1-ml syringe, and DNA was extracted from the wash solution using the Qiagen DNeasy Blood and Tissue Kit. Specific markers were amplified for the simultaneous identification of T. dimidiata haplogroup, their vertebrate blood meals, T. cruzi parasites, and gut microbiota, as described previously (Dumonteil et al, 2018(Dumonteil et al, , 2020a. DNA extraction, PCR reaction preparation, PCR amplification, and gel electrophoresis were performed in separate laboratory rooms, to prevent crosscontaminations, and all PCR reactions included positive and negative controls.…”

Section: Dna Extraction Pcr Amplification Of Markers and Sequencingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Beta diversity of feeding sources among T. dimidiata subpopulations was analyzed by non-metric dimensional scaling (NMDS), based on Bray-Curtis index distance measures, and statistical significance of differences in feeding hosts among groups was evaluated by permutational multivariate ANOVA (PERMANOVA). Data on multiple blood meal sources in single bugs were used to construct feeding networks and parasite transmission pathways in Cytoscape 3.8 (Dumonteil et al, 2018(Dumonteil et al, , 2020a.…”

Section: Sequence and Data Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, the aim of this study was to identify T. dimidiata blood feeding sources as well as its parasite and microbial diversity, in order to reconstruct T. cruzi parasite transmission ecology. A metabarcoding approach was used, based on deep sequencing of selected markers from bugs; this has proven powerful in reconstructing the ecological interactions within these complex parasite transmission cycles (Dumonteil et al, 2018(Dumonteil et al, , 2020aMurillo-Solano et al, 2021).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Molecular ecology of Triatoma dimidiata in southern Belize reveals risk for human infection and the local differentiation of Trypanosoma cruzi parasites

Polonio

López-Domínguez

Herrera

et al. 2021

International Journal of Infectious Diseases

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In Belize, the main vector for Trypanosoma cruzi, the agent of Chagas disease, is Triatoma dimidiata, but transmission cycles and the risk for human infection are unclear. Therefore, the aim of this study was to identify T. dimidiata blood feeding sources and its parasite and microbial diversity, in order to reconstruct T. cruzi parasite transmission ecology in southern Belize. Methods: A metabarcoding approach based on deep sequencing of markers was used for bug taxonomy, blood meal sources, T. cruzi genotypes, and microbiota composition. Bugs were collected in 13 villages of Toledo district. Results: Bugs fed on at least 13 species, from domestic hosts such as humans, dogs, cows, and pigs, to synanthropic species such as mice, rats, and opossums, and sylvatic species such as deer, peccary, and kinkajou, in agreement with an opportunistic feeding behavior. Nonetheless, most feeding focused on a few species, including humans. Infection with T. cruzi was detected in 24 of 39 bugs (62%), and the analysis of 242 T. cruzi mini-exon sequences (average 10 AE 5 haplotypes per bug) indicated the presence of TcI and TcIV parasite discrete typing units (DTUs). However, for both DTUs, sequences from Belize mostly clustered apart from sequences from North and South America, suggesting the local differentiation of parasites. T. dimidiata also harbored a diverse bacterial microbiota, with ontogenic changes suggesting microbiota maturation during nymphal development. Conclusions: Together, these results indicate a significant risk for T. cruzi infection in humans. They also highlight the need to better characterize the diversity of T. cruzi strains in the region and its impact on disease epidemiology.

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Genetic diversity of Trypanosoma cruzi parasites infecting dogs in southern Louisiana sheds light on parasite transmission cycles and serological diagnostic performance

Cited by 23 publications

References 39 publications

High incidence of Trypanosoma cruzi infections in dogs directly detected through longitudinal tracking at 10 multi-dog kennels, Texas, USA

High incidence of Trypanosoma cruzi infections in dogs directly detected through longitudinal tracking at 10 multi-dog kennels, Texas, USA

Unprecedented incidence of Trypanosoma cruzi infections in a cohort of dogs directly detected through longitudinal tracking at multi-dog kennels, Texas, USA

Molecular ecology of Triatoma dimidiata in southern Belize reveals risk for human infection and the local differentiation of Trypanosoma cruzi parasites

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