Genetic engineering of crops: a ray of hope for enhanced food security

Gill, Sarvajeet Singh; Gill, Ritu; Tuteja, Renu; Tuteja, Narendra

doi:10.4161/psb.28545

Cited by 23 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Abiotic stresses, such as cold, salinity and drought, are severe threats to global agriculture by preventing crop plants from reaching their full genetic potential and causing yield loss (Gill et al ). In general, abiotic stresses limit plant performance by reducing plant growth, development and yield.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of C2H2 zinc finger proteins in plant responses to abiotic stresses

Wang

Ding

Cai

et al. 2018

Physiologia Plantarum

126

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Abiotic stresses are important factors affecting plant growth and development and limiting agricultural production worldwide. Plants have evolved complex regulatory mechanisms to respond and adapt to constantly changing environmental conditions. C2H2 zinc finger proteins form a relatively large family of transcriptional regulators in plants. Recent studies have revealed that C2H2 zinc finger proteins function as key transcriptional regulators in plant responses to a wide spectrum of stress conditions, including extreme temperatures, salinity, drought, oxidative stress, excessive light and silique shattering. Here, we summarize recent functional analysis on C2H2 zinc finger proteins in plant responses to abiotic stresses and discuss their roles as part of a large regulatory network in the perception and responses by plants to different environmental stimuli.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of C2H2 zinc finger proteins in plant responses to abiotic stresses

Wang

Ding

Cai

et al. 2018

Physiologia Plantarum

126

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“…The development of transgenic plants through genetic manipulations has proved promising to reduce agricultural losses due to various abiotic stress factors, which eventually resulted in improved crop productivity (Mittler et al, 2004; Gill et al, 2014). The role of DNA/RNA helicases have also emerged in salinity stress tolerance (Vashisht and Tuteja, 2006; Gill et al, 2013; Owttrim, 2013; Tuteja et al, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simultaneous Expression of PDH45 with EPSPS Gene Improves Salinity and Herbicide Tolerance in Transgenic Tobacco Plants

et al. 2017

Self Cite

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To cope with the problem of salinity- and weed-induced crop losses, a multi-stress tolerant trait is need of the hour but a combinatorial view of such traits is not yet explored. The overexpression of PDH45 (pea DNA helicase 45) and EPSPS (5-enoylpruvyl shikimate-3-phosphate synthase) genes have been reported to impart salinity and herbicide tolerance. Further, the understanding of mechanism and pathways utilized by PDH45 and EPSPS for salinity and herbicide tolerance will help to improve the crops of economical importance. In the present study, we have performed a comparative analysis of salinity and herbicide tolerance to check the biochemical parameters and antioxidant status of tobacco transgenic plants. Collectively, the results showed that PDH45 overexpressing transgenic lines display efficient tolerance to salinity stress, while PDH45+EPSPS transgenics showed tolerance to both the salinity and herbicide as compared to the control [wild type (WT) and vector control (VC)] plants. The activities of the components of enzymatic antioxidant machinery were observed to be higher in the transgenic plants indicating the presence of an efficient antioxidant defense system which helps to cope with the stress-induced oxidative-damages. Photosynthetic parameters also showed significant increase in PDH45 and PDH45+EPSPS overexpressing transgenic plants in comparison to WT, VC and EPSPS transgenic plants under salinity stress. Furthermore, PDH45 and PDH45+EPSPS synergistically modulate the jasmonic acid and salicylic acid mediated signaling pathways for combating salinity stress. The findings of our study suggest that pyramiding of the PDH45 gene with EPSPS gene renders host plants tolerant to salinity and herbicide by enhancing the antioxidant machinery thus photosynthesis.

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“…Either or both pathways can be manipulated for genome editing by the CRISPR/Cas9 system—NHEJ for gene knock-out, and HDR for gene knock-in. CRISPR/Cas9 technology has been successfully used to introduce changes in the genomes of viruses [ 51 ], bacteria [ 52 ], yeasts [ 53 ], plants [ 54 ], and animals [ 55 , 56 , 57 ]. This technology is now widely explored as a therapeutic strategy against infections [ 58 ] ( Table 1 and Table 2 , Section 2.1 and Section 2.2 ), various non-malignant and malignant diseases [ 59 , 60 , 61 , 62 , 63 ], and in vaccine development and gene therapy [ 64 , 65 ].…”

Section: Crispr/cas9—a New Addition To Modern Genome Editing Toolbmentioning

confidence: 99%

CRISPR/Cas9—Advancing Orthopoxvirus Genome Editing for Vaccine and Vector Development

Okoli

Okeke

Tryland

et al. 2018

Viruses

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The clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR)/associated protein 9 (Cas9) technology is revolutionizing genome editing approaches. Its high efficiency, specificity, versatility, flexibility, simplicity and low cost have made the CRISPR/Cas9 system preferable to other guided site-specific nuclease-based systems such as TALENs (Transcription Activator-like Effector Nucleases) and ZFNs (Zinc Finger Nucleases) in genome editing of viruses. CRISPR/Cas9 is presently being applied in constructing viral mutants, preventing virus infections, eradicating proviral DNA, and inhibiting viral replication in infected cells. The successful adaptation of CRISPR/Cas9 to editing the genome of Vaccinia virus paves the way for its application in editing other vaccine/vector-relevant orthopoxvirus (OPXV) strains. Thus, CRISPR/Cas9 can be used to resolve some of the major hindrances to the development of OPXV-based recombinant vaccines and vectors, including sub-optimal immunogenicity; transgene and genome instability; reversion of attenuation; potential of spread of transgenes to wildtype strains and close contacts, which are important biosafety and risk assessment considerations. In this article, we review the published literature on the application of CRISPR/Cas9 in virus genome editing and discuss the potentials of CRISPR/Cas9 in advancing OPXV-based recombinant vaccines and vectors. We also discuss the application of CRISPR/Cas9 in combating viruses of clinical relevance, the limitations of CRISPR/Cas9 and the current strategies to overcome them.

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Genetic engineering of crops: a ray of hope for enhanced food security

Cited by 23 publications

References 22 publications

The role of C2H2 zinc finger proteins in plant responses to abiotic stresses

The role of C2H2 zinc finger proteins in plant responses to abiotic stresses

Simultaneous Expression of PDH45 with EPSPS Gene Improves Salinity and Herbicide Tolerance in Transgenic Tobacco Plants

CRISPR/Cas9—Advancing Orthopoxvirus Genome Editing for Vaccine and Vector Development

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