Genetic Heterogeneity in Internal Transcribed Spacer Genes of Balantidium coli (Litostomatea, Ciliophora)

Ponce-Gordo, Francisco; Fonseca-Salamanca, Flery; Martínez-Díaz, Rafael A.

doi:10.1016/j.protis.2011.06.008

Cited by 73 publications

(81 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…DNA or cysts of Balantidium have been detected in fecal samples from diverse hosts such as humans and nonhuman primates, pigs, ostriches, rats, guinea pigs, salamanders, frogs, and fish (230)(231)(232)(233)(234) and even in nonfecal human specimens such as bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid (224)(225)(226)(227).…”

Section: Balantidiummentioning

confidence: 99%

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Molecular Testing for Clinical Diagnosis and Epidemiological Investigations of Intestinal Parasitic Infections

2014

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SUMMARY Over the past few decades, nucleic acid-based methods have been developed for the diagnosis of intestinal parasitic infections. Advantages of nucleic acid-based methods are numerous; typically, these include increased sensitivity and specificity and simpler standardization of diagnostic procedures. DNA samples can also be stored and used for genetic characterization and molecular typing, providing a valuable tool for surveys and surveillance studies. A variety of technologies have been applied, and some specific and general pitfalls and limitations have been identified. This review provides an overview of the multitude of methods that have been reported for the detection of intestinal parasites and offers some guidance in applying these methods in the clinical laboratory and in epidemiological studies.

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Section: Balantidiummentioning

confidence: 99%

“…So far, PCR has been used mainly to characterize Balantidium from various hosts, including humans (221,(232)(233)(234). Very few Balantidium sequences are currently available in GenBank, and most represent the SSU rDNA or ITS regions of B. coli.…”

Section: Balantidiummentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Testing for Clinical Diagnosis and Epidemiological Investigations of Intestinal Parasitic Infections

2014

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“…Therefore, this molecule has become a popular tool in many phylogenetic studies, including those on ciliates (e.g. Coleman 2005;Miao et al 2008;Weisse et al 2008;Yi et al 2008;Sun et al 2010Sun et al , 2013Ponce-Gordo et al 2011;Li et al 2013;Shazib et al 2016;Li et al 2017).…”

Section: Putative Secondary Structure Of the Free-living Litostomateamentioning

confidence: 99%

Constraints on Phylogenetic Interrelationships among Four Free-living Litostomatean Lineages Inferred from 18S rRNA gene-ITS Region sequences and Secondary Structure of the ITS2 molecule

Rajter

Vďačný

2017

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Abstract. We investigated interrelationships between four free-living litostomatean lineages, using 18S rRNA gene and ITS region sequences as well as the secondary structure of the ITS2 molecules. Our phylogenetic analyses confirmed the deep split of free-living litostomateans into Rhynchostomatia and Haptoria represented here by Haptorida, Pleurostomatida, and Spathidiida. This bifurcation is also corroborated by the signature of the rhynchostomatian and haptorian ITS2 molecules. Specifically, the consensus stems of helices II and III are longer by one base pair in Rhynchostomatia, while the terminal loops of both helices are longer by one or two nucleotide/-s in Haptoria. A close relationship of Pleurostomatida and Haptorida is favored by quartet likelihood-mapping and supported by a 5'-AG vs. CU-3' motif in the variable part of helix II and by two morphological apomorphies, i.e., meridionally extending somatic kineties and a non-three-rowed dorsal brush. Although monophyletic origin of Spathidiida is poorly supported in phylogenetic trees, the unique motif 5'-GA vs. UC-3' present in the consensus helix II stem could be an important molecular synapomorphy of spathidiids, apart from the ancestrally anteriorly curved somatic kineties and the three-rowed dorsal brush. The peculiar family Pseudoholophryidae has very likely found its phylogenetic home among spathidiids, as an early branching lineage.

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“…the ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 region was used to reveal the molecular diversity at the subspecies level and, as a result, two different genotypes could be distinguished among the specimens studied so far (Ponce-Gordo et al, 2008). In a subsequent study, Ponce-Gordo et al (2011) performed genetic analysis of the ITS regions of single Balantidium coli cells. In these analyses five additional sequence types of the aforementioned two genotypes were distinguished and, interestingly, the co-existence of several sequence types in a single cell was also observed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The genomic region encoding the small subunit rRNA is the most frequently used genetic marker for this purpose. Molecular biological studies have concerned mostly B. coli (Nilles-Bije and Rivera, 2010;Ponce-Gordo et al, 2011;Hassell et al, 2013;Chistyakova et al, 2014;Li et al, 2014). These studies have tried to detect the genetic diversity and clarify the phylogeny of Balantidium and Balantidium-like ciliates using this genomic region.…”

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confidence: 99%

Molecular genetic investigations on Balantidium ctenopharyngodoni Chen, 1955, a parasite of the grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella)

Marton

Bányai

Forró

et al. 2016

Acta Veterinaria Hungarica

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Balantidium ctenopharyngodoni is a common ciliate in Hungary, infecting the hindgut of grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella), a cyprinid fish of Chinese origin. Although data have already been presented on its occasional pathogenic effect on the endothelium of the host, generally it is a harmless inhabitant of the gut. Phylogenetic analysis of the 18S rDNA and ITS fragments of this protozoan proved that it is in the closest phylogenetic relationship with endocommensalist and symbiont ciliates of mammals feeding on large volumes of green forage, in a similar way as Balantidium spp. known from algae-eating marine fishes.

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Genetic Heterogeneity in Internal Transcribed Spacer Genes of Balantidium coli (Litostomatea, Ciliophora)

Cited by 73 publications

References 51 publications

Molecular Testing for Clinical Diagnosis and Epidemiological Investigations of Intestinal Parasitic Infections

Molecular Testing for Clinical Diagnosis and Epidemiological Investigations of Intestinal Parasitic Infections

Constraints on Phylogenetic Interrelationships among Four Free-living Litostomatean Lineages Inferred from 18S rRNA gene-ITS Region sequences and Secondary Structure of the ITS2 molecule

Molecular genetic investigations on Balantidium ctenopharyngodoni Chen, 1955, a parasite of the grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella)

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