Genetic Influences on Thought Problems in 7-Year-Olds: A Twin-Study of Genetic, Environmental and Rater Effects

Abdellaoui, Abdel; Bartels, Meike; Hudziak, James J.; Rizzu, Patrizia; Beijsterveldt, Catharina E. M. van; Boomsma, Dorret I.

doi:10.1375/twin.11.6.571

Cited by 11 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…However, scores on maternal ratings were, on average, higher than scores on paternal ratings for all problem scales, i.e., mothers report on average more behavioral and emotional problems of their children than fathers did. This is in agreement with prior studies in 7‐year‐old children using different scales of the CBCL [van der Valk et al, ; Boomsma et al, ; Abdellaoui et al, ; Langberg et al, ; Mascendaro et al, ]. Since the cutoffs for subclinical or clinical scores as defined in the manual are the same for maternal and paternal ratings, children rated by their mother will more often pass the threshold than children rated by their father due to this difference between raters.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…The outcome of these assessments can depend on the rater. Earlier studies in 7‐year‐old children have found maternal ratings to be higher than paternal ratings [Duhig et al, ; van der Valk et al, ; Luoma et al, ; Boomsma et al, ; Abdellaoui et al, ; Langberg et al, ; Mascendaro et al, ; Sollie et al, ]. The ranking of the children's problems has also been found to vary between fathers and mothers resulting in correlations of 0.60 between maternal and paternal ratings [Achenbach et al, ; Duhig et al, ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In studies that include reports of multiple raters, e.g., both parents for both twins, an unbiased estimate of the effect of shared environmental factors on childhood psychopathology can be obtained by estimating the effect of C on the part of the variance the parents agree upon. Previous multiple‐rater studies in 7‐year‐old twins [Hudziak et al, ; van der Valk et al, ; Boomsma et al, ; Bartels et al, ; van Grootheest et al, ; Abdellaoui et al, ] showed that rater bias might account for around 10–30% of the phenotypic variance. These studies focused on broad measures of internalizing and externalizing measures or on anxious depression, thought problems, and aggression.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Psychopathology in 7‐year‐old children: Differences in maternal and paternal ratings and the genetic epidemiology

Wesseldijk

Fedko

Bartels

et al. 2016

American J of Med Genetics Pt B

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The assessment of children's psychopathology is often based on parental report. Earlier studies have suggested that rater bias can affect the estimates of genetic, shared environmental and unique environmental influences on differences between children. The availability of a large dataset of maternal as well as paternal ratings of psychopathology in 7‐year old children enabled (i) the analysis of informant effects on these assessments, and (ii) to obtain more reliable estimates of the genetic and non‐genetic effects. DSM‐oriented measures of affective, anxiety, somatic, attention‐deficit/hyperactivity, oppositional‐defiant, conduct, and obsessive‐compulsive problems were rated for 12,310 twin pairs from the Netherlands Twin Register by mothers (N = 12,085) and fathers (N = 8,516). The effects of genetic and non‐genetic effects were estimated on the common and rater‐specific variance. For all scales, mean scores on maternal ratings exceeded paternal ratings. Parents largely agreed on the ranking of their child's problems (r 0.60–0.75). The heritability was estimated over 55% for maternal and paternal ratings for all scales, except for conduct problems (44–46%). Unbiased shared environmental influences, i.e., on the common variance, were significant for affective (13%), oppositional (13%), and conduct problems (37%). In clinical settings, different cutoffs for (sub)clinical scores could be applied to paternal and maternal ratings of their child's psychopathology. Only for conduct problems, shared environmental and genetic influences explain an equal amount in differences between children. For the other scales, genetic factors explain the majority of the variance, especially for the common part that is free of rater bias. © 2016 The Authors. American Journal of Medical Genetics Part B: Neuropsychiatric Genetics Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Psychopathology in 7‐year‐old children: Differences in maternal and paternal ratings and the genetic epidemiology

Wesseldijk

Fedko

Bartels

et al. 2016

American J of Med Genetics Pt B

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“…Dominant (non-additive) genetic influences have not been reported for this age group (Edelbrock et al 1995; Schmitz et al 1995; Polderman et al 2006; Abdellaoui et al 2008; Lin et al 2006; Kuo et al 2004). These estimates were based on parental or teacher ratings of children’s behavior.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…These estimates were based on parental or teacher ratings of children’s behavior. The study with the largest sample size (~9,000 7-year old twin pairs) estimated the heritability at 61% and 65% for ratings from the twins’ mothers and fathers, respectively (Abdellaoui et al 2008). This study also concluded that the rater agreement on TP between the parents was 67%, while the remaining 33% consisted of a unique view on the phenotype and/or measurement error.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thought Problems from Adolescence to Adulthood: Measurement Invariance and Longitudinal Heritability

Abdellaoui¹,

Moor²,

Geels³

et al. 2011

Behav Genet

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This study investigates the longitudinal heritability in Thought Problems (TP) as measured with ten items from the Adult Self Report (ASR). There were ~9,000 twins, ~2,000 siblings and ~3,000 additional family members who participated in the study and who are registered at the Netherlands Twin Register. First an exploratory factor analysis was conducted to examine the underlying factor structure of the TP-scale. Then the TP-scale was tested for measurement invariance (MI) across age and sex. Next, genetic and environmental influences were modeled on the longitudinal development of TP across three age groups (12–18, 19–27 and 28–59 year olds) based on the twin and sibling relationships in the data. An exploratory factor analysis yielded a one-factor solution, and MI analyses indicated that the same TP-construct is assessed across age and sex. Two additive genetic components influenced TP across age: the first influencing TP throughout all age groups, while the second arises during young adulthood and stays significant throughout adulthood. The additive genetic components explained 37% of the variation across all age groups. The remaining variance (63%) was explained by unique environmental influences. The longitudinal phenotypic correlation between these age groups was entirely explained by the additive genetic components. We conclude that the TP-scale measures a single underlying construct across sex and different ages. These symptoms are significantly influenced by additive genetic factors from adolescence to late adulthood.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s10519-011-9478-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Heritability of Behavioral Problems in 7-Year Olds Based on Shared and Unique Aspects of Parental Views

et al. 2016

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In studies of child psychopathology, phenotypes of interest are often obtained by parental ratings. When behavioral ratings are obtained in the context of a twin study, this allows for the decomposition of the phenotypic variance, into a genetic and a non-genetic part. If a phenotype is assessed by a single rater, heritability is based on the child’s behavior as expressed in the presence of that particular rater, whereas heritability based on assessments by multiple raters allows for the estimation of the heritability of the phenotype based on rater agreement, as well as the heritability of the rater specific view of the behavior. The aim of this twin study was to quantify the rater common and rater specific contributions to the variation in children’s behavioral problems. We estimated the heritability of maternal and paternal ratings of the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) 6–18 empirical emotional and behavioral problem scales in a large sample of 12,310 7-year old Dutch twin pairs. Between 30 and 59% of variation in the part of the phenotype parents agree upon was explained by genetic effects. Common environmental effects that make children in the same family similar explained less variance, ranging between 0 and 32%. For unique views of their children’s behavioral problems, heritability ranged between 0 and 20% for maternal and between 0 and 22% for paternal views. Between 7 and 24% of the variance was accounted for by common environmental factors specific to mother and father’s views. The proportion of rater shared and rater specific heritability can be translated into genetic correlations between parental views and inform the design and interpretation of results of molecular genetic studies. Genetic correlations were nearly or above 0.7 for all CBCL based psychopathology scales. Such large genetic correlations suggest two practical guidelines for genome-wide association studies (GWAS): when studies have collected data from either fathers or mothers, the shared genetic aetiology in parental ratings indicates that is possible to analyze paternal and maternal assessments in a single GWAS or meta-analysis. Secondly, if a study has collected information from both parents, a gain in statistical power may be realized in GWAS by the simultaneous analysis of the data.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s10519-016-9823-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Genetic Influences on Thought Problems in 7-Year-Olds: A Twin-Study of Genetic, Environmental and Rater Effects

Cited by 11 publications

References 47 publications

Psychopathology in 7‐year‐old children: Differences in maternal and paternal ratings and the genetic epidemiology

Psychopathology in 7‐year‐old children: Differences in maternal and paternal ratings and the genetic epidemiology

Thought Problems from Adolescence to Adulthood: Measurement Invariance and Longitudinal Heritability

Heritability of Behavioral Problems in 7-Year Olds Based on Shared and Unique Aspects of Parental Views

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