Genetic Mapping as a Tool for Studying Speciation

Rieseberg, Loren H.

doi:10.1007/978-1-4615-5419-6_16

Cited by 31 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 142 publications

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“…Moreover, elite ¥ wild crosses nearly always necessitate the use of self-incompatible outbred individuals from wild populations, thereby negating the use of F 2 and other inbred progenies, e.g., recombinant inbred lines. Without the prospect of substantial gains in DNA polymorphism rates, wild ¥ elite crosses have not been the focal point of genetic linkage map development (Rieseberg et al 1993;Berry et al 1995;Gentzbittel et al 1995;Jan et al 1998;Rieseberg 1998;Knapp et al 2001). More importantly, maps constructed using progeny from elite ¥ elite crosses identify the subset of molecular markers that tend to be most polymorphic in the elite gene pool and thus have the greatest utility for molecular breeding.…”

Section: Patterns Of Genetic Diversity In Domesticated and Wild Sunflmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microsatellites uncover extraordinary diversity in native American land races and wild populations of cultivated sunflower

2003

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The contemporary oilseed sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) gene pool is a product of multiple breeding and domestication bottlenecks. Despite substantial phenotypic diversity, modest differences in molecular genetic diversity have been uncovered in anciently and recently domesticated sunflowers. The paucity of molecular marker polymorphisms in early analyses led to the hypothesis of a single domestication origin. Phylogenetic analyses were performed on 47 domesticated and wild germplasm accessions using 122 microsatellite loci distributed throughout the sunflower genome. Extraordinary allelic diversity was found in the Native American land races and wild populations, and progressively less allelic diversity was found in germplasm produced by successive cycles of domestication and breeding. Of 1,341 microsatellite alleles, 489 were unique to land races, exotic domesticates and wild populations, whereas only 15 were unique to elite inbred lines. The number of taxon-specific alleles was 35-fold greater among wild populations (26.27) than elite inbred lines (0.75). Microsatellite genotyping uncovered the possibility of multiple domestication origins. Land races domesticated by Native Americans of the southwestern US (Hopi and Havasupai) formed a clade independent of land races domesticated by Native Americans of the Great Plains and eastern US (Arikara and Seneca). Predictably, domestication and breeding have ratcheted genetic diversity down in sunflower. The contemporary oilseed sunflower gene pool, while not imperiled, could profit from an infusion of novel alleles from the reservoir of latent genetic diversity present in wild populations and Native American land races.

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Section: Patterns Of Genetic Diversity In Domesticated and Wild Sunflmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microsatellites uncover extraordinary diversity in native American land races and wild populations of cultivated sunflower

2003

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“…Namely, the ability to detect genetic regions implicated in this evolutionary process may provide insight into the genomic regions involved and the evolution of their role as potential barriers to gene flow. This remains challenging without knowledge of the genetic architecture, i.e., the number, location, and effect of genomic locations contributing to differentiation within and among populations or species (Rieseberg 1998;Orr and Turelli 2001). As genetic architecture may either promote or constrain divergence (Hawthorne and Via 2001), such genomewide perspectives are integral in working toward a complete understanding of the functional genomic response to the evolutionary processes incurred by populations as they diverge (Ting et al 2001;Emelianov et al 2004;Wu and Ting 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Genetic linkage mapping approaches have several advantages for addressing these issues (Rieseberg 1998). Such an approach has led to the detection of genomic regions resistant to introgression (e.g., Rieseberg et al 1999;Rogers et al 2001;Lexer et al 2003), the identification of adaptive QTL, and the dissection of complex traits (e.g., Peichel et al 2001;Saintagne et al 2004) and has proven valuable for the mapping of gene expression profiles (expression QTL, e.g., Kirst et al 2005).…”

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confidence: 99%

Linkage Maps of thedwarfand Normal Lake Whitefish (Coregonus clupeaformis) Species Complex and Their Hybrids Reveal the Genetic Architecture of Population Divergence

2007

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Elucidating the genetic architecture of population divergence may reveal the evolution of reproductive barriers and the genomic regions implicated in the process. We assembled genetic linkage maps for the dwarf and Normal lake whitefish species complex and their hybrids. A total of 877 AFLP loci and 30 microsatellites were positioned. The homology of mapped loci between families supported the existence of 34 linkage groups (of 40n expected) exhibiting 83% colinearity among linked loci between these two families. Classes of AFLP markers were not randomly distributed among linkage groups. Both AFLP and microsatellites exhibited deviations from Mendelian expectations, with 30.4% exhibiting significant segregation distortion across 28 linkage groups of the four linkage maps in both families (P , 0.00001). Eight loci distributed over seven homologous linkage groups were significantly distorted in both families and the level of distortion, when comparing homologous loci of the same phase between families, was correlated (Spearman R ¼ 0.378, P ¼ 0.0021). These results suggest that substantial divergence incurred during allopatric glacial separation and subsequent sympatric ecological specialization has resulted in several genomic regions that are no longer complementary between dwarf and Normal populations issued from different evolutionary glacial lineages. U NDERSTANDING the genetic consequences of population divergence is central to evolutionary biology (Edmands 2002;Coyne and Orr 2004;de Queiroz 2005). Namely, the ability to detect genetic regions implicated in this evolutionary process may provide insight into the genomic regions involved and the evolution of their role as potential barriers to gene flow. This remains challenging without knowledge of the genetic architecture, i.e., the number, location, and effect of genomic locations contributing to differentiation within and among populations or species (Rieseberg 1998;Orr and Turelli 2001). As genetic architecture may either promote or constrain divergence (Hawthorne and Via 2001), such genomewide perspectives are integral in working toward a complete understanding of the functional genomic response to the evolutionary processes incurred by populations as they diverge (Ting et al. 2001;Emelianov et al. 2004;Wu and Ting 2004).Genetic linkage mapping approaches have several advantages for addressing these issues (Rieseberg 1998). Such an approach has led to the detection of genomic regions resistant to introgression (e.g., Rieseberg et al. 1999;Rogers et al. 2001;Lexer et al. 2003), the identification of adaptive QTL, and the dissection of complex traits (e.g., Peichel et al. 2001;Saintagne et al. 2004) and has proven valuable for the mapping of gene expression profiles (expression QTL, e.g., Kirst et al. 2005). Comparative linkage mapping among species has also allowed inference about the types of genomic changes that may accompany divergence (e.g., Kuittinen et al. 2004, Lexer et al. 2005, Gharbi et al. 2006. Altogether, genetic mapping has provided an ...

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“…Collectively, the integrative application of genetic mapping and quantitative genetics (QTL mapping, linkage disequilibrium) provides insight into this "genetic architecture" under a genic view of speciation. We define genetic architecture as the number, location, and effects of genes underlying population divergence and speciation (Rieseberg, 1998;Rieseberg et al, 1999;Turelli et al, 2001). Just as architecture is both the process and product of design and construction, the genetic architecture of ecological speciation can result from both the process of population divergence and the product of adaptation and reproductive isolation.…”

Section: Genomic Architecturementioning

confidence: 99%

“…An important contribution to our understanding of speciation has been the ability to isolate and genetically map molecular polymorphisms across the genome (Rieseberg, 1998). Genetic mapping can contribute to an understanding of speciation in a myriad of ways, including close examination of complex quantitative trait loci (QTL) (e.g., Doerge, 2002;Mackay et al, 2009) and QTL mapping of gene expression profiles (expression QTL, or eQTL) (Whiteley et al, 2008;Majewski and Pastinen, 2011;Cubillos et al, 2012).…”

Section: Genomic Architecturementioning

confidence: 99%

The consequences of genomic architecture on ecological speciation in postglacial fishes

2013

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The quest for the origin of species has entered the genomics era. Despite decades of evidence confirming the role of the environment in ecological speciation, an understanding of the genomics of ecological speciation is still in its infancy. In this review, we explore the role of genomic architecture in ecological speciation in postglacial fishes. Growing evidence for the number, location, effect size, and interactions among the genes underlying population persistence, adaptive trait divergence, and reproductive isolation in these fishes reinforces the importance of considering genomic architecture in studies of ecological speciation. Additionally, these populations likely adapt to new freshwater environments by selection on standing genetic variation, as de novo mutations are unlikely under such recent divergence times. We hypothesize that modular genomic architectures in postglacial fish taxa may be associated with the probability of population persistence. Empirical studies have confirmed the genic nature of ecological speciation, implicating surprisingly extensive linkage disequilibrium across the genome. An understanding of these genomic mosaics and how they contribute to reproductive barriers remains unclear, but migration rates and the strength of selection at these loci is predicted to influence the likelihood of population divergence. Altogether, understanding the role of genomic architecture is an important component of speciation research and postglacial fishes continue to provide excellent organisms to test these questions, both from the perspective of variation in architectures among taxa, and with respect to the distinct environments they have colonized. However, more empirical tests of ecological speciation predictions are needed [Current Zoology 59 (1): [53][54][55][56][57][58][59][60][61][62][63][64][65][66][67][68][69][70][71] 2013].

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Genetic Mapping as a Tool for Studying Speciation

Cited by 31 publications

References 142 publications

Microsatellites uncover extraordinary diversity in native American land races and wild populations of cultivated sunflower

Microsatellites uncover extraordinary diversity in native American land races and wild populations of cultivated sunflower

Linkage Maps of thedwarfand Normal Lake Whitefish (Coregonus clupeaformis) Species Complex and Their Hybrids Reveal the Genetic Architecture of Population Divergence

The consequences of genomic architecture on ecological speciation in postglacial fishes

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