Genetic mechanisms of aging in plants: What can we learn from them?

Popov, Vasily N.; Syromyatnikov, Mikhail; Franceschi, Claudio; Moskalev, Alexey; Krutovsky, Konstantin V.

doi:10.1016/j.arr.2022.101601

Cited by 10 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 264 publications

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“…Therefore, it can be concluded that explants derived from basal and near-basal parts of the mother plant are considerably more appropriate initial explants for in vitro rejuvenation and multiplication. Similar to our results, previous studies using other plant species showed that the source of the explants plays a pivotal role in successful in vitro rejuvenation [ 26 , 64 , 65 , 66 , 67 , 68 , 69 , 70 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Effect of Explant Source on Phenotypic Changes of In Vitro Grown Cannabis Plantlets over Multiple Subcultures

Hesami

Adamek

Pepe

et al. 2023

Biology

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Drug-type cannabis is often multiplied using micropropagation methods to produce genetically uniform and disease/insect-free crops. However, micropropagated plantlets often exhibit phenotypic variation, leading to culture decline over time. In cannabis, the source of these changes remains unknown, though several factors (e.g., explant’s sources and prolonged in vitro culture) can result in such phenotypical variations. The study presented herein evaluates the effects of explant sources (i.e., nodal segments derived from the basal, near-basal, middle, and apical parts of the greenhouse-grown mother plant) over multiple subcultures (4 subcultures during 235 days) on multiplication parameters and leaf morphological traits of in vitro cannabis plantlets. While initial in vitro responses were similar among explants sourced from different regions of the plant, there were significant differences in performance over the course of multiple subcultures. Specifically, explant source and/or the number of subcultures significantly impacted plantlet height, number of nodes, and canopy surface area. The explants derived from the basal and near-basal parts of the plant resulted in the tallest shoots with the greatest number of nodes, while the explants derived from the middle and apical regions led to shorter shoots with fewer nodes. Moreover, the basal-derived explants produced cannabis plantlets with shorter but wider leaves which demonstrated the potential of such explants for in vitro rejuvenation practices with minimal culture decline. This study provides new evidence into the long-term impacts of explant source in cannabis micropropagation.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Effect of Explant Source on Phenotypic Changes of In Vitro Grown Cannabis Plantlets over Multiple Subcultures

Hesami

Adamek

Pepe

et al. 2023

Biology

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“…The reported higher winter kill in older swards of timothy than newly established swards by the farmers fit well with this assumption. The decline in the ability to maintain adaptative homeostasis due to ageing is a known phenomenon, reviewed by Pomatto and Davies 2017 and Popov et al 2022, but the molecular basis underlying it remains largely unknown, especially in short‐lived perennial grasses. However, there are some reported instances of higher levels of oxidative stress (accumulation of H 2 O 2 ) in old plants and tissues.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Frost survival and gene expression in timothy (Phleum pratense L.) cultivars as affected by age and selection in diverse field environments

Pashapu,

Dalmannsdottir,

Jørgensen

et al. 2024

Physiologia Plantarum

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The sustainable production of perennial grasses in Northern Norway is at risk due to the ongoing climate change. The predicted increase in temperatures and variable weather patterns are further expected to create challenges for winter survival of timothy (Phleum pratense L.). Knowledge about the molecular mechanisms underlying freezing tolerance is crucial for developing robust cultivars. The current study is aimed at identifying genes involved in freezing stress response of timothy and studying gene expression differentiation due to field selection in contrasting environments using RNAseq. Four timothy cultivars were field tested for three years in Tromsø and Vesterålen, in Northern Norway. The surviving material from the field tests, along with plants raised from the original seed lots, were subjected to freezing tests. LT50 values varied across cultivars and materials. Many genes coding for transcription factors and proteins known to play an important role in freezing tolerance, like dehydrins, c‐repeat binding factors, and late embryogenesis abundant proteins were upregulated with decreasing temperatures. Moreover, genes associated with glycolysis/gluconeogenesis, TCA cycle, glutathione metabolism, proteasome pathways and genes encoding autophagy‐related proteins, plasma membrane‐associated proteins, sugar and amino acid transporters had elevated expression in field survivors compared to plants raised from the original material. The lower freezing stress tolerance of field survivors despite the elevated expression of several stress‐responsive genes might be due to a combination of selection in the field and the age effect. Furthermore, differences in freezing stress response between northern and southern adapted cultivars and surviving material from two field trial locations are discussed.

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“…Host cells undergo a natural aging process as plums ripen causing cell walls to degrade, leak nutrients into the extracellular space, and lose their protective properties. This creates more favorable conditions for the development of pathogenic and decomposition-promoting microbial communities making fruit more susceptible to decay [50].…”

Section: Microorganisms Associated With the Decay Of Plum In Storagementioning

confidence: 99%

Metagenomic analysis of the epiphytic and endophytic microbiota of plum fruits at different storage temperatures

Wang,

Zeng,

Leng

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Background: Fungal decays are one of the primary causes of postharvest losses in fruit, whose onset and development are partially determined by the interactions that occur between the fruit and its resident microbiota. Harvested plums are susceptible to decay pathogens but limited research has been conducted on the microbiota of plums in storage. Therefore, in the present study the composition, diversity, and potential function of the epiphytic and endophytic microbiota of plums during storage at 25 °C and 0 °C was investigated using metagenomic sequencing. Results: Our study indicated that the diversity of the endophytic microbial community remains relatively stable in storage, while the epiphytic community undergoes a notable decline in diversity. Additionally, known pathogens, such as Lasiodiplodia, Diaporthe, Botryosphaeria, Macrophomina, Fusarium, Pseudomonas, and Pantoea, were enriched in decaying fruit, while the reported biocontrol microorganisms Pseudoalteromonas and Aureobasidium were enriched in healthy fruit stored at 25 °C. A negative association was observed between potential biocontrol species and known pathogens within the microbial community network. Notably, decay promoting Filobasidium was specifically found in decayed plums stored at 0 °C, while the beneficial microbes Novosphingobium and Bradyrhizobium were specifically found in healthy fruit. The metagenomic analysis also revealed the presence of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in both endophytic and epiphytic microbial communities in plum, and were primarily associated with members of the phylum Pseudomonadota as determined by host tracking analysis. Conclusions: Findings of the study provide insight on the community dynamics that occur in the endophytic and epiphytic microbiome in plums during storage at different temperatures (25 °C and 0 °C) which can be used to develop a comprehensive strategy for the management of postharvest diseases in plum and potentially other stone fruit crops (peaches, apricots, and cherries).

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Genetic mechanisms of aging in plants: What can we learn from them?

Cited by 10 publications

References 264 publications

Effect of Explant Source on Phenotypic Changes of In Vitro Grown Cannabis Plantlets over Multiple Subcultures

Effect of Explant Source on Phenotypic Changes of In Vitro Grown Cannabis Plantlets over Multiple Subcultures

Frost survival and gene expression in timothy (Phleum pratense L.) cultivars as affected by age and selection in diverse field environments

Metagenomic analysis of the epiphytic and endophytic microbiota of plum fruits at different storage temperatures

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