Genetic polymorphisms are not associated with energy intake 1 year after Roux‐en‐Y gastric bypass in women

Abstract

Background The present study aimed to investigate the influence of food intake on body weight loss (WL) and the association of gene polymorphisms, 1 year after Roux‐en‐Y gastric bypass (RYGB) surgery. Methods In total, 95 obese women (age ranged 20–50 years) in a Brazilian cohort underwent RYGB surgery and completed the study. Anthropometric measurements and food intake were assessed before and 1 year after surgery. Twelve gene polymorphisms (GHRL rs26802; GHSR rs572169; LEP rs7799039; LEPR rs1137101; 5‐HT2C rs3813929; UCP2 rs659366; UCP2 rs660339; UCP3 rs1800849; SH2B1 rs7498665; TAS1R2 rs35874116; TAS1R2 rs9701796; and FTO rs9939609) were determined using a real‐time polymerase chain reaction and a TaqMan assay. The subjects were divided into quartiles regarding percentage of excess weight loss (%EWL). The effect of genetic variants on energy and macronutrient intake was evaluated by simple logistic regression, followed by multiple logistic regression. Results Subjects in the first and second quartiles showed a higher initial body mass index. Energy and macronutrient intake before and 1 year after RYGB surgery did not differ between the %EWL quartiles. None of gene polymorphisms investigated showed an association with the estimated energy intake 1 year after surgery. Conclusions In conclusion, the estimate energy and food intake did not predict a greater body WL 1 year after RYGB surgery. In addition, the 12 gene polymorphism investigated did not affect the energy intake among female patients.

Gene–environment interactions in human health

“…This brief editorial provides just a snapshot of some of the key insights into gene-environment interactions and relationships with health outcomes presented in the 12 original articles that follow. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12] The results and discussion presented herein highlight the important role of diet (and potentially other environmental factors) with respect to gene expression and ultimately an individual's health status. A better understanding of gene-environment interactions and the biological pathways that underpin these relationships will help identify diet or metabolic targets for interventions aimed at maintaining or improving health throughout the lifecycle.…”

“…This special issue of the Journal of Human Nutrition and Dietetics comprises a compilation of 12 original research articles that focus on associations between genes and environment as well as gene-environment interactions in human health, with a particular emphasis on diet, body composition and metabolic health. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12] Human gene-environment associations and interactions can be investigated using a range of study designs, including the classic twin study, which collects data from monozygotic and dizygotic twin pairs and typically uses some form of structural equation modelling to estimate the proportion of variation in a trait explained by genes, shared environment and unique environment. 13 Other study designs include the traditional candidate-gene study, which examines associations between genes and environmental exposures, usually where there is a known link between the gene and the exposure, or the more complex genome-wide association study, which usually assumes no prior hypothesis and examines the entire genome for interactions with various environmental exposures.…”

“…This brief editorial provides just a snapshot of some of the key insights into gene–environment interactions and relationships with health outcomes presented in the 12 original articles that follow 1–12 . The results and discussion presented herein highlight the important role of diet (and potentially other environmental factors) with respect to gene expression and ultimately an individual's health status.…”

“…Diet is one of the key aspects of the environment that impacts health along with others such as lifestyle, physical activity and the gut microbiome. This special issue of the Journal of Human Nutrition and Dietetics comprises a compilation of 12 original research articles that focus on associations between genes and environment as well as gene–environment interactions in human health, with a particular emphasis on diet, body composition and metabolic health 1–12 …”

TAS1 receptors. An overview of their functions, expression and genetic variations

“…Another variant of TAS1R2, rs9701796, was associated with a higher preference for sweetness and with the amount of sugar intake of the variant carrier (Chamoun et al, 2018). No correlation was found between this variant and the energy and macronutrient intake of patients one year after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery (Novais et al, 2021). In a study of Swedish middle-aged people, the TAS1R2 genotype was only moderately associated with dietary habits.…”