“…Pairwise genetic distances among the studied Mongolian group and 23 previously reported Chinese populations (Cao et al, ; Fan, An, et al, ; Fan, Wang, Chen, Long, et al, ; Fan, Wang, Chen, Zhang, et al, ; Fan, Zhang, et al, ; Lang et al, ; Liu et al, ; Nothnagel et al, ; Song et al, ; Wang et al, ; Wang et al, ; Wang et al, ; Wang et al, ; Willuweit & Roewer, ; Xie et al, ; Zhang et al, ; Zhou et al, ), as well as among the studied group and other 33 previously reported worldwide populations (Aliferi et al, ; D'Atanasio et al, ; Kim et al, ; Laouina et al, ; Lee et al, ; Mohapatra et al, ; Pamjav, Fothi, Feher, & Fothi, ; Rapone et al, ; Singh, Sarkar, & Nandineni, ; Spolnicka et al, ; Willuweit & Roewer, ; Zhabagin et al, ) were measured by R ST values and the corresponding p values (10,000 permutations) based on the haplotypes of 27 STR in Yfiler ® Plus kit and those of 17 STR in Yfiler ® kit, respectively. The R ST values were counted by the AMOVA program in the online available ‘AMOVA and MDS’ tool on the YHRD, and an intuitive MDS plots were also generated (Willuweit & Roewer, ).…”