Genetic regulation of egg and embryo survival

Warner, Carol M.; Cao, Wei; Exley, Ginger E.; McElhinny, Abigail S.; Alikani, Mina; Cohen, Jacques; Scott, Richard T.; Brenner, Carol A.

doi:10.1093/humrep/13.suppl_3.178

Cited by 97 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Apoptosis is a normal phenomenon during oogenesis and are evidently dependent upon the actions and interactions of a subset of multiple gene products [43]. Among these genes, members of Bcl-2 family are small α-helical proteins that can be either pro-apoptotic or anti-apoptotic [44].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intracellular glutathione content, developmental competence and expression of apoptosis-related genes associated with G6PDH-activity in goat oocyte

Abazari-Kia

Mohammadi‐Sangcheshmeh

Dehghani-Mohammadabadi

et al. 2013

J Assist Reprod Genet

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Purpose To associate glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH) activity in goat oocytes with intracellular glutathione (GSH) content, meiotic competence, developmental potential, and relative abundance of Bax and Bcl-2 genes transcripts. Methods Goat oocytes were exposed to brilliant cresyl blue (BCB) staining test and categorized into BCB + (bluecytoplasm), and BCB − (colorless-cytoplasm) groups. A group of oocytes were not exposed to BCB test and was considered as a control group. After maturation in vitro, a group of oocytes were used for determination of nuclear status and intracellular GSH content while another group was subjected to parthenogenetic activation followed by in vitro embryo culture.Results We found that BCB + oocytes not only yielded higher rate of maturation, but also showed an increased level of intracellular GSH content than BCB − and control oocytes.Furthermore, BCB + oocytes produced more blastocysts than BCB − and control oocytes. Our data revealed that the expression of anti-apoptotic (Bcl-2) and pro-apoptotic (Bax) genes were interacted with G6PDH-activity in mature oocyte, their surrounding cumulus cells, and blastocyst-stage embryos.Conclusions The results of this study demonstrate that selection of goat oocytes based on G6PDH-activity through the BCB test improves their developmental competence, increases intracellular GSH content, and affects the expression of the apoptosis-related genes.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intracellular glutathione content, developmental competence and expression of apoptosis-related genes associated with G6PDH-activity in goat oocyte

Abazari-Kia

Mohammadi‐Sangcheshmeh

Dehghani-Mohammadabadi

et al. 2013

J Assist Reprod Genet

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“…This could be a manifestation of an apoptotic process in a dying cell. This idea is supported by the fact that nuclear apoptotic changes are more common in fragmented or arrested embryos, i. e. embryos with poor developmental prognosis (Jurisicova et al, 1996, Warner et al, 1998. According to other authors, blastomere fragmentation is not a result but a cause of nuclear apoptosis or these two processes are not related (Antczak and Van Blerkom, 1999, Martinez et al, 2002, Van Blerkom et al, 2001.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chromosomal disorders and nuclear and cell destruction in cleaving human embryos

Delimitreva

Zhivkova²,

Vatev³

et al. 2005

Int. J. Dev. Biol.

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Three types of defects of preimplantation embryogenesis contribute to the developmental arrest of cleaving human embryos: blastomere fragmentation, abnormal nuclear status and chromosomal disorders. Data concerning the relation and succession of these abnormalities during first mitotic cycles of the human zygote are controversial and mainly empirical at present. In this study we have performed simultaneous evaluation of blastomere fragmentation, nuclear apoptotic changes and the ploidy of four chromosomes (1, 5, 19 and X or 18, 21, X and Y) in 193 human embryos. Another group of 28 embryos was subjected to TUNEL for confirmation of apoptosis in blastomere nuclei. Nuclei with apoptotic chromatin were seen in nearly 1/10 of blastomeres of embryos with good morphology and in more than 1/5 of blastomeres of embryos with more than 20% fragmentation. The correct number of investigated chromosomes was registered in 85.2% of successfully tested embryos. Chromatin apoptotic changes are the only limiting factor for the success of chromosomal FISH tests. Nearly 1/2 of embryos with at least one apoptotic nucleus were chromosomally abnormal. For the embryos that contain only normal nuclei, the rate of ploid normality was more than 89%. The rate of euploidy was higher (66%) in embryos with a significant degree of cell fragmentation. Moderate cell fragmentation was not related to significant increase of chromatin and chromosomal disorders. In a substantial portion of abnormal blastomeres, chromatin damage preceded cell fragmentation. Nuclear destruction in human blastomeres was illustrated by fluorograms of different stages of chromatin lesions.

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“…Moreover, human embryos with a substantial amount of cellular fragmentation have a markedly reduced implantation rate (Ziebe et al 1997, Ebner et al 2001. For human in vitro fertilised (IVF) embryos, not only degrees (in percentage) but also distinct patterns of fragmentation, which are correlated with in vitro development, have been defined (Warner et al 1998a. Similar data in pig embryos are presently lacking.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Porcine embryo development and fragmentation and their relation to apoptotic markers: a cinematographic and confocal laser scanning microscopic study

Mateusen¹,

Soom²,

Maes³

et al. 2005

Reproduction

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Porcine embryo selection prior to transfer is mainly influenced by morphological criteria. However, the relationship between embryonic morphology, developmental potential and cell death by apoptosis in porcine embryos is still unclear. The aim of this study was to establish embryo quality parameters for in vivo fertilised porcine embryos based on timing of development in vitro, embryo morphology and the presence of apoptosis. The kinetics of development and morphological parameters were investigated in a time-lapse cinematographic experiment. Possible links between embryo morphology and apoptosis were examined via a confocal laser scanning experiment, analysing nuclear changes, annexin V and terminal dUTP nick-end labelling. The timing of early cleavages was firmly linked to embryo developmental competence in vitro. Attainment of at least the 5-cell stage before 77 h post insemination and attainment of the morula stage before 102 h post insemination significantly increased the odds for reaching the early blastocyst stage. Overall, a negative effect of fragmentation percentage and fragmentation pattern on subsequent embryonic development was observed, but the developmental potential of embryos experiencing slight fragmentation (0 -5%) was not different from embryos without fragmentation. Correlations detected between developmental arrest and fragmentation, and fragmentation and apoptosis were 0.60 and 0.87 (P < 0.05) respectively. Only a minority of the embryos arrested between the 1-and 4-cell stage displayed biochemical characteristics of apoptosis. Consequently, a significant correlation (0.57) between developmental arrest and apoptosis could only be established for embryos arrested after embryonic genome activation.

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Genetic regulation of egg and embryo survival

Cited by 97 publications

References 29 publications

Intracellular glutathione content, developmental competence and expression of apoptosis-related genes associated with G6PDH-activity in goat oocyte

Intracellular glutathione content, developmental competence and expression of apoptosis-related genes associated with G6PDH-activity in goat oocyte

Chromosomal disorders and nuclear and cell destruction in cleaving human embryos

Porcine embryo development and fragmentation and their relation to apoptotic markers: a cinematographic and confocal laser scanning microscopic study

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