Genetic relationships of the populations in eastern India

Ak, Roychoudhury

doi:10.1080/03014469200002322

Cited by 28 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…In this region, geographic contiguity is a better predictor of genetic similarity than culture. Both tribes are located in the hills surrounding the city of Shillong, and the Karbi and Khasi appear to be close kin, based on genetic analysis of six polymorphic loci (17). The villagers in both societies are agriculturalist and subsist primarily off rice, with little variation in wealth or diet.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nurture affects gender differences in spatial abilities

Hoffman

Gneezy

List

2011

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

118

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Women remain significantly underrepresented in the science, engineering, and technology workforce. Some have argued that spatial ability differences, which represent the most persistent gender differences in the cognitive literature, are partly responsible for this gap . The underlying forces at work shaping the observed spatial ability differences revolve naturally around the relative roles of nature and nurture. Although these forces remain among the most hotly debated in all of the sciences, the evidence for nurture is tenuous, because it is difficult to compare gender differences among biologically similar groups with distinct nurture. In this study, we use a large-scale incentivized experiment with nearly 1,300 participants to show that the gender gap in spatial abilities, measured by time to solve a puzzle, disappears when we move from a patrilineal society to an adjoining matrilineal society. We also show that about one-third of the effect can be explained by differences in education. Given that none of our participants have experience with puzzle solving and that villagers from both societies have the same means of subsistence and shared genetic background, we argue that these results show the role of nurture in the gender gap in cognitive abilities.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nurture affects gender differences in spatial abilities

Hoffman

Gneezy

List

2011

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

118

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“…Another reason to carry out this genetic study on the Bihar population is because there has been coexistence and close interaction of higher and lower caste strata since bonded labour was practised in the state, and the entire family of the lower community was dependent on the employer's mercy and was at their disposal, probably resulting in gene flow. Studies based upon serological markers (Pandey et al 2000) and other protein markers (Roychoudhury 1981, 1992, Chakraborty et al 1986, Saha et al 1992 have been reported on a few tribal groups of the state to understand the diversity and gene flow among them. Since microsatellite markers are more informative than classical serological and other protein markers, in the current study, 15 microsatellite markers present in the Combined DNA Index System (CODIS), validated for the population of India, were chosen to estimate the impact of the deep-seated man-made caste system on the gene flow among four socio-culturally predominant caste groups (Brahmin, Bhumihar, Rajput and Kayasth) of Bihar.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Genetic profile based upon 15 microsatellites of four caste groups of the eastern Indian state, Bihar

Ashma

Kashyap

2003

Annals of Human Biology

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The present study clearly depicts the genetic profile of these caste groups, their inherent closeness in the past, and the impact of the imposed caste system that later restricted the gene flow. The study highlights the status of Bhumihar and Kayasth in the Hindu caste system. The former was found clustering with the Brahmin group (as expected, since Bhumihar is known to be a subclass of Brahmin), whereas the distance between the Brahmin and Kayasth caste groups was found to be large. North-eastern Indian Mongoloids form a separate cluster.

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“…Ethnically, the Bengalee population is a heterogeneous group comprising of Caucasoid, Proto-australoid and Mongoloid strains [15,16]. The populations living in the northern parts of the state of West Bengal show Mongoloid affiliation, whereas those in the southern regions show affinities especially with the Proto-Australoid and Caucasoid elements [17].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Secular Trends in Measures of Cephalo-Facial Traits among Bengalee Boys Aged 7.0–16.0 Years from Kolkata between 1982–1983 and 1999–2001

Saha

Dasgupta

2006

Intl Jnl Anthropology

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While a large number of studies on secular trends have been performed on measures of stature, weight, trunk and limb dimensions, subcutaneous fatness and body composition, etc., less attention has been paid to cephalo-facial traits. This study reports on secular trends in five cephalo-facial traits (head length, head breadth, head circumference, bizygomatic breadth and morphological facial height) and two indices (cephalic index and facial index) in Bengalee Hindu boys between ages 7.0 and 16.0 years. The data set comes from two cross-sectional growth surveys carried out among the students of one particular Kolkata (formerly Calcutta) boys_ school with an interval of about 20 years (1982-1983 and 1999-2001). Identical protocol with respect to sampling, data collection, measuring technique and data analysis has been followed in both surveys. Except for morphological facial height (which showed negative secular trends), the other four cephalo-facial traits showed positive secular trends with varying magnitudes over the two decades. Cephalic index did not reveal any consistent pattern of change, while facial index showed a declining trend in the later survey.

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Genetic relationships of the populations in eastern India

Cited by 28 publications

References 19 publications

Nurture affects gender differences in spatial abilities

Nurture affects gender differences in spatial abilities

Genetic profile based upon 15 microsatellites of four caste groups of the eastern Indian state, Bihar

Secular Trends in Measures of Cephalo-Facial Traits among Bengalee Boys Aged 7.0–16.0 Years from Kolkata between 1982–1983 and 1999–2001

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