Genetic structure of brown trout,<i>Salmo trutta</i>, populations from differently sized tributaries of Lake Mjøsa in south‐east Norway

Linløkken, Arne; Johansen, Wenche; Wilson, Robert

doi:10.1111/fme.12101

Cited by 16 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…This explains the low genetic diversity and the N e estimates that were below 25 according to SNPs. In previous studies on other focal systems, estimates of N e below 50 have often been observed, which are in line with our observations (Linlokken et al, ; Linlokken, Johansen, & Wilson, ; Sonstebo, Borgstrom, & Heun, ; Vøllestad, ) suggesting that many brown trout populations in brooks are naturally small and strongly genetically differentiated. Each of the studied wild populations appeared to be an isolated unit with very limited gene flow from the other rivers or from the hatchery‐reared fish, which is in line with their historical and present‐day connectivity.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Comparing RADseq and microsatellites for estimating genetic diversity and relatedness — Implications for brown trout conservation

Lemopoulos

Prokkola

Uusi‐Heikkilä

et al. 2019

Ecology and Evolution

152

139

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The conservation and management of endangered species requires information on their genetic diversity, relatedness and population structure. The main genetic markers applied for these questions are microsatellites and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), the latter of which remain the more resource demanding approach in most cases. Here, we compare the performance of two approaches, SNPs obtained by restriction‐site‐associated DNA sequencing (RADseq) and 16 DNA microsatellite loci, for estimating genetic diversity, relatedness and genetic differentiation of three, small, geographically close wild brown trout ( Salmo trutta ) populations and a regionally used hatchery strain. The genetic differentiation, quantified as F ST , was similar when measured using 16 microsatellites and 4,876 SNPs. Based on both marker types, each brown trout population represented a distinct gene pool with a low level of interbreeding. Analysis of SNPs identified half‐ and full‐siblings with a higher probability than the analysis based on microsatellites, and SNPs outperformed microsatellites in estimating individual‐level multilocus heterozygosity. Overall, the results indicated that moderately polymorphic microsatellites and SNPs from RADseq agreed on estimates of population genetic structure in moderately diverged, small populations, but RADseq outperformed microsatellites for applications that required individual‐level genotype information, such as quantifying relatedness and individual‐level heterozygosity. The results can be applied to other small populations with low or moderate levels of genetic diversity.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Comparing RADseq and microsatellites for estimating genetic diversity and relatedness — Implications for brown trout conservation

Lemopoulos

Prokkola

Uusi‐Heikkilä

et al. 2019

Ecology and Evolution

152

139

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show abstract

“…Previous studies of brown trout have shown that populations spawning in inflowing versus outflowing streams of the same lake are often genetically and phenotypically differentiated, implying limited gene flow among them and potential local adaptation (Ferguson & Taggart, ; Jonsson et al, ; Linløkken, Johansen, & Wilson, ; Massa‐Gallucci et al, ; Palmé et al, ). In cases where no obvious physical barriers to dispersal exist, some combination of prezygotic behavioral isolating mechanisms (that reduce the likelihood of inflow‐origin fish straying into outflow streams and successfully mating there, or vice versa) and postzygotic ecological barriers (reduced fitness of hybrid offspring) may constrain effective dispersal and thus gene flow.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Telemetry and genetics reveal asymmetric dispersal of a lake‐feeding salmonid between inflow and outflow spawning streams at a microgeographic scale

Finlay

Poole

Coughlan

et al. 2020

Ecology and Evolution

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The degree of natal philopatry relative to natal dispersal in animal populations has important demographic and genetic consequences and often varies substantially within species. In salmonid fishes, lakes have been shown to have a strong influence on dispersal and gene flow within catchments; for example, populations spawning in inflow streams are often reproductively isolated and genetically distinct from those spawning in relatively distant outflow streams. Less is known, however, regarding the level of philopatry and genetic differentiation occurring at microgeographic scales, for example, where inflow and outflow streams are separated by very small expanses of lake habitat. Here, we investigated the interplay between genetic differentiation and fine‐scale spawning movements of brown trout between their lake‐feeding habitat and two spawning streams (one inflow, one outflow, separated by <100 m of lake habitat). Most (69.2%) of the lake‐tagged trout subsequently detected during the spawning period were recorded in just one of the two streams, consistent with natal fidelity, while the remainder were detected in both streams, creating an opportunity for these individuals to spawn in both natal and non‐natal streams. The latter behavior was supported by genetic sibship analysis, which revealed several half‐sibling dyads containing one individual that was sampled as a fry in the outflow and another that was sampled as fry in the inflow. Genetic clustering analyses in conjunction with telemetry data suggested that asymmetrical dispersal patterns were occurring, with natal fidelity being more common among individuals originating from the outflow than the inflow stream. This was corroborated by Bayesian analysis of gene flow, which indicated significantly higher rates of gene flow from the inflow into the outflow than vice versa. Collectively, these results reveal how a combination of telemetry and genetics can identify distinct reproductive behaviors and associated asymmetries in natal dispersal that produce subtle, but nonetheless biologically relevant, population structuring at microgeographic scales.

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“…Brown trout from the different spawning tributaries were significantly differentiated, with clear difference between east and west populations (Skaala, 1992). Further, there seemed to be a significant isolation-by-distance pattern (Linløkken et al, 2014). Thus, brown trout seems more genetically differentiated than grayling in spawning tributaries to Lake Mjøsa.…”

Section: Genetic Structure Of Graylingmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Genetic studies have also been conducted on brown trout spawning in several tributaries to Lake Mjøsa (Skaala, 1992;Linløkken et al, 2014). Brown trout from the different spawning tributaries were significantly differentiated, with clear difference between east and west populations (Skaala, 1992).…”

Section: Genetic Structure Of Graylingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic population structure of the monogenean parasite Gyrodactylus thymalli and its host European grayling (Thymallus thymallus) in a large Norwegian lake

et al. 2020

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Understanding how populations are structured in space and time is a central question in evolutionary biology. Parasites and their hosts are assumed to evolve together, however, detailed understanding of mechanisms leading to genetic structuring of parasites and their hosts are lacking. As a parasite depends on its host, studying the genetic structure of both parasite and host can reveal important insights into these mechanisms. Here, genetic structure of the monogenean parasite Gyrodactylus thymalli and its host the European grayling (Thymallus thymallus) was investigated in 10 tributaries draining into the large Lake Mjøsa in Norway. The population genetic structure of spawning grayling was studied using microsatellite genotyping, while G. thymalli was studied by sequencing a mitochondrial DNA gene (dehydrogenase subunit 5). Two main genetic clusters were revealed in grayling, one cluster comprising grayling from the largest spawning population, while the remaining tributaries formed the second cluster. For both taxa, some genetic differentiation was observed among tributaries, but there was no clear isolation-by-distance signature. The structuring was stronger for the host than for the parasite. These results imply that moderate to high levels of gene flow occur among the sub-populations of both taxa. The high parasite exchange among tributaries could result from a lack of strong homing behavior in grayling as well as interactions among individual fish outside of the spawning season, leading to frequent mixing of both host and parasite.

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Genetic structure of brown trout,Salmo trutta, populations from differently sized tributaries of Lake Mjøsa in south‐east Norway

Cited by 16 publications

References 55 publications

Comparing RADseq and microsatellites for estimating genetic diversity and relatedness — Implications for brown trout conservation

Comparing RADseq and microsatellites for estimating genetic diversity and relatedness — Implications for brown trout conservation

Telemetry and genetics reveal asymmetric dispersal of a lake‐feeding salmonid between inflow and outflow spawning streams at a microgeographic scale

Genetic population structure of the monogenean parasite Gyrodactylus thymalli and its host European grayling (Thymallus thymallus) in a large Norwegian lake

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