Genetic structure of the bithorax complex

Abstract

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Genetic analysis of transvection effects involving cis-regulatory elements of the Drosophila Ultrabithorax gene.

“…T HE Ultrabithorax (Ubx) gene is one of the selector genes controlling segmental identities in the body of Drosophila melanogaster. Mutations in this gene dramatically alter the cuticular structures of the second thoracic (T2), the third thoracic (T3) and the first abdominal (Al) segments of the adult body of the fly: gain-of-function alleles of the Ubx gene transform T 2 toward T 3 (reviewed in GONZALEZ-GAITAN, MICOL and GARC~A- BELLIDO 1990); loss-of-function alleles of the Ubx gene give rise to the homeotic transformation of T 3 toward T 2 and/or that of anterior A1 toward anterior T 3 (reviewed in MORATA, SANCHEZ- HERRERO and CASANOVA 1986;DUNCAN 1987;PEIFER, KARCH and BENDER 1987;SANCHEZ-HERRERO et al 1988;MAHAFFEY and KAUFMAN 1988). The Ubx gene is composed of three transcription units (see Figure 1): the Ubx unit, coding for mRNAs that are translated into proteins (UBX) with morphogenetic functions, and the overlapping early bxd and late bxd units coding for RNAs of unknown function (BEACHY, HELFAND and HOGNESS 1985;HOGNESS et al 1985;LIPSHITZ, PEATTIE and HOGNESS 1987;O'CONNOR et al 1988).…”