Genetic Variability and Microdistribution of Triatoma infestans Genotypes and Trypanosoma cruzi Clones in Arequipa Region (Peru)

Brenière, Simone Frédérique; Lopez, J Fernandez; Vargas, Fernando; Barnabé, Christian

doi:10.1590/s0074-02761997000300018

Cited by 8 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Previous studies suggest that T. cruzi strains in Arequipa are of limited genetic diversity, possibly due to a founder effect [37]–[38]—a finding, which if true, would be consistent with the results presented here. We have typed fifteen isolates of T. cruzi from Arequipa following methods described in [39].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Retracing Micro-Epidemics of Chagas Disease Using Epicenter Regression

et al. 2011

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Vector-borne transmission of Chagas disease has become an urban problem in the city of Arequipa, Peru, yet the debilitating symptoms that can occur in the chronic stage of the disease are rarely seen in hospitals in the city. The lack of obvious clinical disease in Arequipa has led to speculation that the local strain of the etiologic agent, Trypanosoma cruzi, has low chronic pathogenicity. The long asymptomatic period of Chagas disease leads us to an alternative hypothesis for the absence of clinical cases in Arequipa: transmission in the city may be so recent that most infected individuals have yet to progress to late stage disease. Here we describe a new method, epicenter regression, that allows us to infer the spatial and temporal history of disease transmission from a snapshot of a population's infection status. We show that in a community of Arequipa, transmission of T. cruzi by the insect vector Triatoma infestans occurred as a series of focal micro-epidemics, the oldest of which began only around 20 years ago. These micro-epidemics infected nearly 5% of the community before transmission of the parasite was disrupted through insecticide application in 2004. Most extant human infections in our study community arose over a brief period of time immediately prior to vector control. According to our findings, the symptoms of chronic Chagas disease are expected to be absent, even if the strain is pathogenic in the chronic phase of disease, given the long asymptomatic period of the disease and short history of intense transmission. Traducción al español disponible en Alternative Language Text S1/A Spanish translation of this article is available in Alternative Language Text S1

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Retracing Micro-Epidemics of Chagas Disease Using Epicenter Regression

et al. 2011

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“…The isoenzyme technique has been widely used to characterize T. cruzi populations of different countries belonging to domestic and sylvatic cycles (Miles et al 1980, Tibayrenc & Miles 1983, Carneiro et al 1991, De Luca D'oro et al 1993, Lewicka et al 1995, Brenière et al 1997) but limited data are available from Paraguayan stocks. The comparison of isoenzyme data with other genetic markers gave congruent results and showed the division of T. cruzi taxon into two principal groups (Tibayrenc 1995, Souto et al 1996, Brisse et al 1998, Breniére et al 1998).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isoenzyme profiles of Trypanosoma cruzi stocks from different areas of Paraguay

Acosta¹,

Samudio²,

López³

et al. 2001

Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz

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“…Some T. cruzi stocks (CID, H1, QUE, CBBcl2, ESMcl3Z2, IVVcl4, MAS1cl1, MVBcl8, X109/2, 3.1, 92122102R, STC10R, STC16Rcl1, MNcl2, SC43cl1, CA15, P63cl1) were also characterized by MLEE [38]–[40] for DTU assignment.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential Distribution of Genes Encoding the Virulence Factor Trans-Sialidase along Trypanosoma cruzi Discrete Typing Units

et al. 2013

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Trypanosoma cruzi the agent of Chagas disease is a monophyletic but heterogeneous group conformed by several Discrete Typing Units (DTUs) named TcI to TcVI characterized by genetic markers. The trans-sialidase (TS) is a virulence factor involved in cell invasion and pathogenesis that is differentially expressed in aggressive and less virulent parasite stocks. Genes encoding TS-related proteins are included in a large family divided in several groups but only one of them contains TS genes. Two closely related genes differing in a T/C transition encode the enzymatically active TS (aTS) and a lectin-like TS (iTS). We quantified the aTS/iTS genes from TcII and TcVI aggressive and TcI low virulent strains and found variable aTS number (1–32) per haploid genome. In spite of being low TS enzyme-expressers, TcI strains carry 28–32 aTS gene copies. The intriguing absence of iTS genes in TcI strains together with the presence of aTS/iTS in TcII and TcVI strains (virulent) were observed. Moreover, after sequencing aTS/iTS from 38 isolates collected along the Americas encompassing all DTUs, the persistent absence of the iTS gene in TcI, TcIII and TcIV was found. In addition, the sequence clustering together with T/C transition analysis correlated to DTUs of T. cruzi. The consistence of TS results with both evolutionary genome models proposed for T. cruzi, namely the “Two Hybridization” and the “Three Ancestor” was discussed and reviewed to fit present findings. Parasite stocks to attempt genetic KO or to assay the involvement of iTS in parasite biology and virulence are finally available.

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Genetic Variability and Microdistribution of Triatoma infestans Genotypes and Trypanosoma cruzi Clones in Arequipa Region (Peru)

Abstract: The genetic variability of Triatoma infestans and

Cited by 8 publications

References 13 publications

Retracing Micro-Epidemics of Chagas Disease Using Epicenter Regression

Retracing Micro-Epidemics of Chagas Disease Using Epicenter Regression

Isoenzyme profiles of Trypanosoma cruzi stocks from different areas of Paraguay

Differential Distribution of Genes Encoding the Virulence Factor Trans-Sialidase along Trypanosoma cruzi Discrete Typing Units

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