Genetic variation and phylogeography of the swordtail fish Xiphophorus cortezi (Cyprinodontiformes, Poeciliidae)

Gutiérrez‐Rodríguez, Carla; Morris, Molly R.; Dubois, Natalie S.; Queiroz, Kevin de

doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2006.10.022

Cited by 22 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…These Genetic diversity values obtained in this work appear to be low to moderate for the global samples. Similar pattern was observed in others cyprinodontiforms fishes, such as the family Poeciliidae (Johnson, 2001;Gutiérrez-Rodríguez et al, 2007). In addition, these values were recovered from four populations that occur in the extremes of the geographical distribution (Chapadmalal and Chocorí in the East, and, Sauce authors found fossil evidences of Percichthys sp.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Phylogeographic pattern of Jenynsia multidentata(Cyprinodontiformes: Anablepidae) in the southern boundary of the Brazilian Subregion, Argentina

et al. 2013

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The Atlantic drainage basins are located in the southern Pampean area, in the southernmost part of the Brazilian subregion. Tectonic and paleoclimatic phenomena, occurring during the Quaternary, have currently isolated these basins from the present hydrographic system. Their ichthyofaunal composition is similar to that of hydric systems located further northward. Jenynsia multidentata is a species with wide distribution in the Atlantic drainage basins, as well as in those Northern basins. Here we investigated the phylogeographic pattern of Jenynsia multidentata and analyzed its relationships with the paleoclimatic and geologic history of the region. The analysis of the population's assemblage showed moderate genetic diversity, demographic equilibrium and marked genetic structure in the populations that occupy the extremes of the distributional range. The populations in the center of the range did not present genetic diversity, sharing a single haplotype. These results allow inferring that the presence of Jenynsia multidentata in the area results from historical demographic processes that are independent but complementary. In turn, these processes could arise from paleoclimatic changes occurred during the Quaternary.Las cuencas de pendiente atlántica del área pampeana Austral son el límite meridional de la subregión Brasílica. Fenómenos tectónicos y paleoclimáticos ocurridos durante el Cuaternario han dejado aisladas a estas cuencas del diseño hidrográfico actual. La composición íctica de estás cuencas es similar a la de los sistemas hídricos ubicados más al norte. Jenynsia multidentata es una especie con un amplia distribución en las cuencas de pendiente atlántica, como así también, en las cuencas ubicadas al norte. En el presente trabajo se investigó el patrón filogeográfico de Jenynsia multidentata, y se examinó la relación entre este patrón y la historia paleoclimática y geológica de la región. En el análisis del conjunto de poblaciones se encontró evidencia de una moderada diversidad genética, equilibrio demográfico, y una marcada estructura poblacional, en las poblaciones que ocupan los extremos de la distribución. Mientras que en las poblaciones que ocupan el centro de la distribución no se encontró diversidad genética presentando un único haplotipo. De los resultados obtenidos se infiere que la presencia de Jenynsia multidentata en el área es el resultado de procesos demográficos históricos independientes pero complementarios. A su vez, estos procesos podrían surgir de los cambios paleoclimáticos ocurridos durante el Cuaternario.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Phylogeographic pattern of Jenynsia multidentata(Cyprinodontiformes: Anablepidae) in the southern boundary of the Brazilian Subregion, Argentina

et al. 2013

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“…[21] presented a comprehensive phylogeny using morphology, pigmentation and electrophoretic characters and suggested that there are three clades within this group – the montezumae clade ( X. nezahualcoyotl , X. continens and X. montezumae ), the pygmaeus clade ( X. nigrensis , X. multilineatus and X. pygmaeus ) and the cortezi clade ( X. cortezi , X. birchmanni and X. malinche ). However, these clades have not been consistently supported in subsequent phylogenetic studies using morphology, molecular data or a combination of those (e.g., pigmentation, allozyme, RAPD [Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA], mtDNA and nuclear DNA) [11,21,22,62-66]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comprehensive phylogenetic analysis of all species of swordtails and platies (Pisces: Genus Xiphophorus) uncovers a hybrid origin of a swordtail fish, Xiphophorus monticolus, and demonstrates that the sexually selected sword originated in the ancestral lineage of the genus, but was lost again secondarily

et al. 2013

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BackgroundMales in some species of the genus Xiphophorus, small freshwater fishes from Meso-America, have an extended caudal fin, or sword – hence their common name “swordtails”. Longer swords are preferred by females from both sworded and – surprisingly also, non-sworded (platyfish) species that belong to the same genus. Swordtails have been studied widely as models in research on sexual selection. Specifically, the pre-existing bias hypothesis was interpreted to best explain the observed bias of females in presumed ancestral lineages of swordless species that show a preference for assumed derived males with swords over their conspecific swordless males. However, many of the phylogenetic relationships within this genus still remained unresolved. Here we construct a comprehensive molecular phylogeny of all 26 known Xiphophorus species, including the four recently described species (X. kallmani, X. mayae, X. mixei and X. monticolus). We use two mitochondrial and six new nuclear markers in an effort to increase the understanding of the evolutionary relationships among the species in this genus. Based on the phylogeny, the evolutionary history and character state evolution of the sword was reconstructed and found to have originated in the common ancestral lineage of the genus Xiphophorus and that it was lost again secondarily.ResultsWe estimated the evolutionary relationships among all known species of the genus Xiphophorus based on the largest set of DNA markers so far. The phylogeny indicates that one of the newly described swordtail species, Xiphophorus monticolus, is likely to have arisen through hybridization since it is placed with the southern platyfish in the mitochondrial phylogeny, but with the southern swordtails in the nuclear phylogeny. Such discordance between these two types of markers is a strong indication for a hybrid origin. Additionally, by using a maximum likelihood approach the possession of the sexually selected sword trait is shown to be the most likely ancestral state for the genus Xiphophorus. Further, we provide a well supported estimation of the phylogenetic relationships between the previously unresolved northern swordtail groups.ConclusionsThis comprehensive molecular phylogeny of the entire genus Xiphophorus provides evidence that a second swordtail species, X. monticolus, arose through hybridization. Previously, we demonstrated that X. clemenciae, another southern swordtail species, arose via hybridization. These findings highlight the potential key role of hybridization in the evolution of this genus and suggest the need for further investigations into how hybridization contributes to speciation more generally.

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“…Many stream-dwelling fishes have specific environmental needs and therefore form discrete populations, not only between geographical areas with separated catchment systems, but also between closely related sites of the same catchment [18], [19], [20], [21]. These isolated fish populations may then genetically differentiate with time, although they may still maintain their similar morphological appearance and ecological function [22]. However, this process is not yet fully understood in seemingly well connected catchment systems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic Heterogeneity Reveals On-Going Speciation and Cryptic Taxonomic Diversity of Stream-Dwelling Gudgeons (Teleostei, Cyprinidae) in the Middle Danubian Hydrosystem (Hungary)

et al. 2014

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Although stream-dwelling gudgeons (Cyprinidae, genus: Gobio) are widespread in Central Europe, the taxonomy of this group and the distribution of its species are still unexplored in detail. The aims of our study are to ascertain taxonomic composition and distribution of the former Gobio gobio superspecies in the inner area of the Carpathian Basin. Since the presence of cryptic species is suspected in this area, we examined the taxonomic and phylogenetic relationships of Central European Gobio taxa by sequencing the mitochondrial DNA control region (mtCR). Additionally, we characterized the genetic structure of 27 stream-dwelling gudgeon populations of this area by Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism (AFLP). Results of mtCR analysis proved the presence of three species already known as G. obtusirostris (dominant in NW-Hungary), G. gobio (sporadic) and G. carpathicus (sporadic). Additionally, the analysis revealed the existence of one doubtful taxon, G. sp1 (dominant in NE-Hungary), and a new isolated haplogroup (dominant in SW-Hungary). Although Network analysis showed significant detachment among haplogroups, their genetic distances were quite small. Therefore Bayesian phylogenetic analysis showed weak nodal support for the branching pattern both for newly described haplotypes, and for the already accepted species. AFLP data showed distinct population structure and a clear pattern of isolation was revealed by distance of stocks. At the same time, level of separation was not affected by the altitudinal position of sites. Moreover we found three major clusters of populations which were separated according to hydrographic regions, and corresponded to the findings of mtCR analysis. Our results suggest the on-going speciation of gudgeons in the Carpathian Basin, however the separation of haplogroups seems to only be an intermediate phase. The discovered natural pattern seems to be only slightly influenced by anthropogenic impacts. Additionally our results put into question the suitability of the recently accepted within Gobio genus taxonomy.

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Genetic variation and phylogeography of the swordtail fish Xiphophorus cortezi (Cyprinodontiformes, Poeciliidae)

Cited by 22 publications

References 41 publications

Phylogeographic pattern of Jenynsia multidentata(Cyprinodontiformes: Anablepidae) in the southern boundary of the Brazilian Subregion, Argentina

Phylogeographic pattern of Jenynsia multidentata(Cyprinodontiformes: Anablepidae) in the southern boundary of the Brazilian Subregion, Argentina

Genetic Heterogeneity Reveals On-Going Speciation and Cryptic Taxonomic Diversity of Stream-Dwelling Gudgeons (Teleostei, Cyprinidae) in the Middle Danubian Hydrosystem (Hungary)

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