Genetic variation in personality traits explains genetic overlap between borderline personality features and substance use disorders

Few, Lauren R.; Grant, Julia D.; Trull, Timothy J.; Statham, Dixie J.; Martin, Nicholas G.; Lynskey, Michael T.; Agrawal, Arpana

doi:10.1111/add.12690

Cited by 30 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…However, our confidence intervals span their estimated 50% of total genetic variance explained by antisocial PD in Wave 2 AUD. The moderate genetic correlation we found between borderline PD and Wave 1 AU is commensurate with a recent report finding the genetic correlation with alcohol abuse-dependence to be .33 (Few et al, 2014). This correlation was slightly higher for Wave 1 AUD and Wave 2 AU (.41-.44), and highest for Wave 2 AUD (0.75).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…This correlation was slightly higher for Wave 1 AUD and Wave 2 AU (.41-.44), and highest for Wave 2 AUD (0.75). In terms of sources of covariation, Few et al (2014) found that the association between borderline and alcohol abuse-dependence was attributable to genetic risk factors only in the absence of neuroticism. Likewise, Distel et al (2012) found the association between heavy AU and borderline PD to be attributable largely to unique environmental risks.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The association between personality disorders with alcohol use and misuse: A population-based twin study

Long¹,

Aggen

Neale

et al. 2017

Drug and Alcohol Dependence

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Background A clearer understanding of the etiological overlap between DSM-IV personality disorders (PDs) and alcohol use (AU) and alcohol use disorder (AUD) is needed. To our knowledge, no study has modeled the association between all 10 DSM-IV PDs and lifetime AU and AUD. The aim of the present study is to identify which PDs are most strongly associated with the phenotypic, genetic, and environmental risks of lifetime AU and AUD, and to determine if these associations are stable across time. Methods Participants were Norwegian twins assessed at two waves. At Wave 1, 2,801 twins were assessed for all 10 DSM-IV PD criteria, lifetime AU, and DSM-IV AUD criteria. At Wave 2, six of the 10 PDs were again assessed along with AU and AUD among 2,393 twins. Univariate and multiple logistic regressions were run. Significant predictors were further analyzed using bivariate twin Cholesky decompositions. Results Borderline and antisocial PD criteria were the strongest predictors of AU and AUD across the two waves. Despite moderate phenotypic and genetic correlations, genetic variation in these PD criteria explained only 4% and 3% of the risks in AU, and 5% to 10% of the risks in AUD criteria, respectively. At Wave 2, these estimates increased to 8% and 23% for AU, and 17% and 33% for AUD. Conclusions Among a large Norwegian twin sample, borderline and antisocial PD criteria were the strongest predictors of the phenotypic and genotypic liability to AU and AUD. This effect remained consistent across time.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The association between personality disorders with alcohol use and misuse: A population-based twin study

Long¹,

Aggen

Neale

et al. 2017

Drug and Alcohol Dependence

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Martin and Sher (1994) found that familial risk for alcoholism was associated with high negative emotionality. Furthermore, negative emotionality is moderately heritable (Scott et al, 2016), and there is evidence of genetic overlap between negative emotionality and AUP (Few et al, 2014). One study of young adults found that associations between single nucleotide polymorphism(s) (SNP) in nicotinic acetylcholine receptor genes and alcohol and nicotine dependence-as defined by the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition (DSM-IV; American Psychiatric Association, 1994)-were partially mediated by high negative emotionality (Criado et al, 2014).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Polygenic Risk, Personality Dimensions, and Adolescent Alcohol Use Problems: A Longitudinal Study

Savage

Kendler

et al. 2017

J. Stud. Alcohol Drugs

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ABSTRACT. Objective: Alcohol use problems are common during adolescence and can predict serious negative outcomes in adulthood, including substance dependence and psychopathology. The current study examines the notion that alcohol use problems are driven by polygenic influences and that genetic influences may indirectly affect alcohol use problems through multiple pathways of risk, including variations in personality. Method: We used a genome-wide approach to examine associations between genetic risk for alcohol use problems, personality dimensions, and adolescent alcohol use problems in two separate longitudinal population-based samples, the Finnish Twin Cohort (FinnTwin12) and the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC). Participants were 1,035 young adults from FinnTwin12 and 3,160 adolescents from ALSPAC. Polygenic risk scores (PRS) were calculated for ALSPAC using genome-wide association results (on alcohol dependence symptoms as defined by the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition) from FinnTwin12. A parallel multiple mediator model was tested to examine whether the association between PRS and alcohol use problems assessed at age 16 could be explained by variations in personality dimensions assessed at age 13, including sensation seeking and negative emotionality. Results: PRS were marginally predictive of age 16 alcohol use problems; this association was partially mediated by sensation seeking. Polygenic variation underlying risk for alcohol use problems may directly influence the effects of sensation seeking, which in turn influence the development of alcohol use problems in later adolescence. Conclusions: These findings contribute to the increasing evidence regarding the salience of sensation seeking during early adolescence as a potential constituent in the risk pathway underlying the development of alcohol use problems. (J. Stud. Alcohol Drugs, 78, 442-451, 2017)

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“…[5][6][7] Patients experiencing a positive effect after a drug administration who simultaneously exhibit higher levels of specific personality traits, such as neuroticism or impulsivity, are thought to be at a higher risk of developing drug addiction. 32,33 However, we could not prove any risk factor for a euphoric propofol reaction. On the other hand, we identified slight differences regarding personality: None of the CURP patients showed above average conscientiousness, while 15% of the CERP patients did so.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 60%

Propofol sedation during gastrointestinal endoscopy arouses euphoria in a large subset of patients

et al. 2018

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Background: Propofol is recommended for sedation in gastrointestinal endoscopy (GE), but preliminary data suggest addictive potentials. Objective: The objective of this article is to evaluate the frequency of predominantly euphoric reaction after GE and patients' subsequent reminiscences. Methods: Eighty-two patients undergoing elective GE under propofol sedation were enrolled in a prospective observational study. The grade of anxiety, expectation or relief about the examination's result and affective state in terms of cheerfulness, relaxation, activation, sedation and anxiety were surveyed using a numeric rating scale (1 to 10) immediately before (t1), after GE (t2) and seven days (t3) later. Statistics: hierarchical cluster analysis, heat map, 2 test and paired t test. Results: Mean propofol dosage was 264 AE 120 mg. Two clusters of mood changes emerged (t1 vs. t2). One (n ¼ 46, 56.1%) was characterized by an unease reaction pattern with equal values regarding cheerfulness, relaxation and anxiety, while relaxation decreased; the other cluster showed a euphoric reaction pattern (n ¼ 36, 43.9%) with markedly increased cheerfulness, relaxation and decreased anxiety. These effects intensified at recall (t3). Despite similar endoscopy results, euphoric cluster patients rated these more positively. Conclusion: Propofol induces euphoria in nearly half of the patients undergoing elective GE with persisting, even enhanced reminiscence (germanctr.de, trial number DRKS00011202). KeywordsGastrointestinal endoscopy, propofol sedation, psychotropic effects, addiction Received: 31 July 2017; accepted: 17 September 2017 Key summary 1. Summarize the established knowledge on this subject.. Propofol is recommended for sedation in gastrointestinal endoscopy.. Propofol has shown euphoric reaction patterns and addictive potentials in healthy volunteers. 2. What are the significant and/or new findings of this study?. Propofol induces euphoria in nearly half of the patients undergoing gastrointestinal endoscopy.. The memory of euphoria persists and even enhances over time.

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Genetic variation in personality traits explains genetic overlap between borderline personality features and substance use disorders

Cited by 30 publications

References 43 publications

The association between personality disorders with alcohol use and misuse: A population-based twin study

The association between personality disorders with alcohol use and misuse: A population-based twin study

Polygenic Risk, Personality Dimensions, and Adolescent Alcohol Use Problems: A Longitudinal Study

Propofol sedation during gastrointestinal endoscopy arouses euphoria in a large subset of patients

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