Genetic Variation in Social Mammals: The Marmot Model

Schwartz, Orlando A.; Armitage, Kenneth B.

doi:10.1126/science.207.4431.665

Cited by 173 publications

(78 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…These values are within the range of those reported for different rodent populations, like that of Thomomys bottae, with FST from 0.049 to 0.066 (Patton & Feder, 1981), Cynomys ludovicianus, with FST from 0.045 to 0.065 (Chesser, 1983) and different colonies of Marmota flaviventris, with FST of 0.07 (Schwartz & Armitage, 1980). In these three species, it is possible to define the actual breeding units.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 63%

Microgeographic distribution of allele frequencies in populations of Calomys laucha (Rodentia, Cricetidae)

1991

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The microgeographic differentiation of allelic frequencies was analysed in two population samples of Calomys laucha, collected in a grid set in cultivated fields at Laguna Larga (Córdoba province, Argentina). One of the samples (n = 79) was obtained in May (autumn), when the population density is at a maximum, and the other (n =85) in November (spring), at the onset of reproductive activity. FST values for the November sample show significant differences between the six groups over which the sample was divided. F values show an excess of homozygotes for some loci in both samples. F1 reveals an excess of homozygotes within each of the groups. These results indicate the existence of subdivision in the population. Because C. laucha is a reservoir host of the Junin virus, an agent of endemic disease, this social organization may have epidemiological implications. Stratification of C. laucha populations into small breeding units could be one of the factors responsible for the high genic variability detected in this species.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 63%

Microgeographic distribution of allele frequencies in populations of Calomys laucha (Rodentia, Cricetidae)

1991

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“…Wilson et al (1975) believed that the apparently rapid rates of chromosomal evolution m primates and some other mammals indicate that these animals often inbreed in the wild. However, Schwartz and Armitage (1980) disagreed with this view on the basis of their data on yellow-bellied marmots, Marmotaßaviventris, which they beheve may be characteristic of many other mammalian species. Both behavioral observations and electrophoretic data indicated that marmots rarely mated with close relatives although they live in one-male groups or "harems."…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 62%

Effects of inbreeding on infant mortality in captive primates

1982

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“…This hypothesis is supported by the increase in heterozygosity from seed to adults and the positive correlations between growth and heterozygosity for adults. Negative fixation indices have also been described for other plants, mainly long lived perennials (Linhart et a!., 1981;Smyth & Hamrick, 1984;Shea, 1987;Sampson et al, 1989) and in some animal populations (Schwartz & Armitage, 1980).…”

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confidence: 99%

Genetic structure, outcrossing rate and heterosis in Astrocaryum mexicanum (tropical palm): implications for evolution and conservation

1992

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The population genetics of the understory tropical rain forest palm Astrocaryum mexicanum were studied in Los Tuxtias, Veracruz, Mexico, using enzyme electrophoresis. The percentage of polymorphic loci was 31.8 and the mean expected heterozygosity was 0.153. Segregation patterns for five polymorphic loci met Mendelian expectations. Outcrossing rates were estimated using single and multilocus methods, and in most cases were not statistically different from 1.0. An excess of heterozygotes, both for seeds and adults, was found, as shown by the fixation indices estimated in 1987 (mean F for adults = -0.41, mean F for seeds = -0.19). Low but significant levels of genetic differentiation were found, especially for adults (mean for adults = 0.040, mean for seeds 0.009). There was a positive relationship for adults between trunk growth and an individual's heterozygosity. No significant correlation was found between heterozygosity and fecundity. The genetic structure of A. mexicanum appears to be the result of a balance between cross-pollination and long distance movement of pollen by pollinators (beetles) that reduce genetic differentiation among plots, and natural selection that could operate during the long life cycle of this palm, and may increase the genetic differentiation among sites and the proportion of heterozygotes.The relatively high level of genetic variation, low genetic spatial differentiation, excess of heterozygotes, high outcrossing rate and heterosis found in A. mexicanum seem to be common in tropical trees. These population genetics characteristics appear not to satisfy the conditions necessary for non-adaptive evolution, a hypothesis commonly invoked to explain high tropical tree diversity. Management and conservation strategies aimed at preserving tropical tree's high intrapopulation genetic variation wifi probably require the maintenance of large tree populations.

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Genetic Variation in Social Mammals: The Marmot Model

Cited by 173 publications

References 15 publications

Microgeographic distribution of allele frequencies in populations of Calomys laucha (Rodentia, Cricetidae)

Microgeographic distribution of allele frequencies in populations of Calomys laucha (Rodentia, Cricetidae)

Effects of inbreeding on infant mortality in captive primates

Genetic structure, outcrossing rate and heterosis in Astrocaryum mexicanum (tropical palm): implications for evolution and conservation

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