Genetic variation in the invasive process of Bursaphelenchus xylophilus (Aphelenchida: Aphelenchoididae) and its possible spread routes in China

Cheng, X-Y; Cheng, F-X; Xu, R-M; Xie, B. Y.

doi:10.1038/sj.hdy.6801082

Cited by 52 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…A high level of genetic variation observed in both types of markers might be primarily due to the continuous and/or large-scale introduction of individuals. This result is almost the same as that of the AFLP analysis of Chinese populations (Cheng et al 2008). This inference was also supported by the results of AMOVA, which indicated low but significant genetic variance among the three related species and no remarkable geographic structure among the individuals of each species isolated from the three East Asian countries (Table 1).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

Amplified fragment length polymorphism analysis and genetic variation of the pinewood nematodeBursaphelenchus xylophilusin South Korea

Jung

Han

Ryu

et al. 2010

Animal Cells and Systems

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The pinewood nematode Bursaphelenchus xylophilus causes pine wilt disease and is a serious economic concern for the forest industry of South Korea. To achieve effective control with limited resources, it is necessary to clarify the transmission routes and mechanisms of dispersal of this organism. Highly polymorphic and easy-to-use molecular markers can be used for investigating this aspect. In this study, we evaluated the usefulness of amplified fragment length polymorphisms (AFLPs) for investigating the genetic variations of B. xylophilus and related individuals from China, Japan, and South Korea. The AFLP patterns obtained in our study were similar to the microsatellite patterns reported in a previous study; our AFLP patterns indicated high genetic variability and cryptic genetic structure, but did not indicate any peculiar geographic structure. Moreover, the genetic distances between individuals suggested that the Korean population was affected to a greater extent by the Chinese population than the Japanese population. Further, the gene flow among the related species appeared to be limited; however, there may be also the possibility of genetic introgression among species. These results confirm the usefulness of AFLPs for understanding the epidemiology of pine wilt disease, thereby contributing to the effective control of this disease.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

Amplified fragment length polymorphism analysis and genetic variation of the pinewood nematodeBursaphelenchus xylophilusin South Korea

Jung

Han

Ryu

et al. 2010

Animal Cells and Systems

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“…Two major clusters were identified: one including the North American isolates (Canada and USA) displaying a high level of genetic diversity, and a second cluster including Asian and Portuguese isolates at a lower genetic diversity level. Another study, using AFLP, suggested that China was affected directly from North America or from neighbouring countries such as Japan (Cheng et al, 2008). Other studies with Korean isolates using microsatellites and AFLP (Jung et al, 2010a, b), suggest that the high genetic diversity found among some Korean populations is due to the gene flow between China, Japan and Korea.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The pine wood nematode, Bursaphelenchus xylophilus, in Portugal: possible introductions and spread routes of a serious biological invasion revealed by molecular methods

Valadas

Laranjo

Barbosa

et al. 2012

Nematol

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The pine wood nematode (PWN), Bursaphelenchus xylophilus, the causal agent of pine wilt disease (PWD), is a major world-wide pathogen and pest of pine, with impacts on forest health, natural ecosystem stability and international trade. In Portugal, PWN was first diagnosed in 1999, the first occurrence also for Europe. The disease was recently detected on the island of Madeira and in northern Spain. In an attempt to search for more reliable and robust molecular markers that enable the study of intraspecific variability of B. xylophilus from different geographic locations, the intergenic spacer (IGS) region of the 5S rRNA gene and inter-simple sequence repeats (ISSR) analysis were used to determine the genetic relationships among 43 B. xylophilus isolates from Portugal, China, Japan, South Korea and USA. IGS sequence analysis showed that this region can only be used to establish interspecific relationships, since no differences were detected among Portuguese isolates from different geographic locations. Fingerprints obtained with ISSR show high genetic variability among Portuguese isolates, except for the ones obtained prior to 2008. The ISSR dendrogram suggests the spread of the disease inside continental Portugal and to Madeira. Until 2008, B. xylophilus populations found in continental Portugal showed low genetic diversity, pointing to a single introduction, probably from Asia, whereas recent populations from continental Portugal (2009-2010) and Madeira show high genetic diversity, suggesting multiple introductions from different origins.

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“…Many studies have attempted to establish the origin of invasive outbreaks of PWN in different geographic areas (Cheng et al 2008;Figueiredo et al 2013;Fonseca et al 2012;Metge and Burgermeister 2008;Pereira et al 2013;Tares et al 1992;Valadas et al 2012a, b;Vieira et al 2007;Zhang et al 2008;Zhou et al 2007). An Asian origin for European invasive populations of PWN was thus proposed (Figueiredo et al 2013;Fonseca et al 2012;Metge and Burgermeister 2008;Valadas et al 2012b).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Worldwide invasion routes of the pinewood nematode: What can we infer from population genetics analyses?

et al. 2014

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Genetic variation in the invasive process of Bursaphelenchus xylophilus (Aphelenchida: Aphelenchoididae) and its possible spread routes in China

Cited by 52 publications

References 23 publications

Amplified fragment length polymorphism analysis and genetic variation of the pinewood nematodeBursaphelenchus xylophilusin South Korea

Amplified fragment length polymorphism analysis and genetic variation of the pinewood nematodeBursaphelenchus xylophilusin South Korea

The pine wood nematode, Bursaphelenchus xylophilus, in Portugal: possible introductions and spread routes of a serious biological invasion revealed by molecular methods

Worldwide invasion routes of the pinewood nematode: What can we infer from population genetics analyses?

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