Genetic variations in E6, E7 and the long control region of human papillomavirus type 16 among patients with cervical lesions in Xinjiang, China

Abstract

BackgroundXinjiang is one of the areas with the highest incidence of cervical cancer in China. Genetic variation in Human papillomavirus type 16 (HPV16) may increase the ability of the virus to mediate carcinogenesis and immune escape, which are risk factors for the progression of cervical cancer. We investigated polymorphism in HPV16 and the distribution of its sub-lineages in the region by analyzing the E6, E7 and long control region (LCR) gene sequences from women with HPV16-positive cervical samples in Xinjiang.MethodsA total of 138 cases of cervical lesions and squamous cell carcinoma with infection of HPV16 virus were collected. The E6 and E7 genes and LCR of HPV16 virus were sequenced and compared with the HPV16 European prototype reference and other HPV16 mutants for single nucleotide polymorphisms. Neighbor-joining phylogenetic trees were constructed using E6, E7 and LCR sequences.ResultsFourteen missense mutations were found in the E6 gene; the loci with the highest mutation frequency were T350G (36/75, 48%) and T178G (19/75, 25.3%). In the E7 gene, the locus with the highest mutation frequency was A647G (18/75, 24%). A total of 33 polymorphic sites were found in the LCR, of which T7447C (39/95, 40.1%) was the most frequent.ConclusionHPV16 in Xinjiang is mainly of the European variant, followed by the Asian variant type; no Africa 1, 2 or Asia–America variant types were found.

Analysis of Human Papillomavirus (HPV) 16 Variants Associated with Cervical Infection in Italian Women

“…Therefore, mutations within or close to these sites could alter viral oncogenic potential. Other mutations, such as A7231C, G7700A, A7727C and G7866A, detected with lower percentages, have already been reported in a recent study conducted by Zhe and et al [43].…”

“…The median interquartile range (IQR) age of the study population was 36 (29)(30)(31)(32)(33)(34)(35)(36)(37)(38)(39)(40)(41)(42)(43)(44)(45)(46)…”

Phylogeny and polymorphism in the E6 and E7 of human papillomavirus: alpha-9 (HPV16, 31, 33, 52, 58), alpha-5 (HPV51), alpha-6 (HPV53, 66), alpha-7 (HPV18, 39, 59, 68) and alpha-10 (HPV6, 44) in women from Shanghai

“…HPV16 A4, HPV31 A2, HPV33 A1, HPV52 B and HPV58 A1 were the most common sublineages in the α-9 HPV group. In China, the A1-A3 sublineage of HPV16 was predominant in northeast China [19], and A4 was common in central and south China [20, 21]. Globally, the risk of cervical cancer caused by the A3, A4 and D sublineages was significantly higher compared with HPV16 A1 [22].…”

Genetic variability and functional implication of HPV16 from cervical intraepithelial neoplasia in Shanghai women

“…High genetic diversity in HPV16 of Shanghai women populations was also detected. For Chinese, the A4 was predominant in central and South China, and A1‐A3 sub‐lineage of HPV16 was common in Northeast China . Globally, A1 was the most widely distributed sublineage, while others showed strong regional specificity (A3 and A4 in East Asia, B/C and D4 in Africa, D2 in America).…”