Genetics and geographical variation of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) in Thailand

Thanawongnuwech, R.; Amonsin, Alongkorn; Tatsanakit, A.; Damrongwatanapokin, Sudarat

doi:10.1016/j.vetmic.2004.03.005

Cited by 100 publications

(63 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Type 1 isolates from all 4 examined herds clustered with previously reported clusters (13,14) distinct from type 1 modifi ed live vaccine viruses (Porcillis PRRSV and Amervac PRRS). In contrast, some of the type 2 isolates from affected herds in Thailand had formed a novel cluster distinct from previously reported clusters (13,14). The novel type 2 isolates from Thailand clustered with isolates from PRC and Vietnam that were associated with PHFD.…”

Section: The Studysupporting

confidence: 61%

Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus, Thailand, 2010–2011

Nilubol¹,

Tripipat²,

Hoonsuwan³

et al. 2012

Emerg. Infect. Dis.

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Section: The Studysupporting

confidence: 61%

Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus, Thailand, 2010–2011

Nilubol¹,

Tripipat²,

Hoonsuwan³

et al. 2012

Emerg. Infect. Dis.

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“…16,28 Even within the EU genotype, originally thought to form a more homogeneous group, 38 a high genetic diversity was demonstrated. 7,9,25,32,35 The classification of EU genotype PRRSV into 4 subtypes has been suggested recently. 30,31 For the detection of the highly variable PRRSV genome, different commercial kits as well as a variety of published reverse transcription polymerase chain reactions (RT-PCR) and real-time RT quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) systems are available.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus

et al. 2012

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To compare the real-time reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) assays used for the diagnosis of Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV), a Europe-wide interlaboratory ring trial was conducted. A variety of PRRSV strains including North American (NA) and European (EU) genotype isolates were analyzed by the participants. Great differences regarding qualitative diagnostics as well as analytical sensitivity were observed between the individual RT-qPCR systems, especially when investigating strains from the EU genotype. None of the assays or commercial kits used in the ring trial could identify all different PRRSV strains with an optimal analytical and diagnostic sensitivity. The genetic variability of the PRRSV strains, which is supposed to hinder the diagnostic of the RT-PCR because of mutations at the primer binding sites, was also confirmed by sequencing and subsequent phylogenetic analysis. In summary, a major problem in PRRSV diagnostics by RT-qPCR is false-negative results. To achieve maximum safety in the molecular diagnosis of PRRSV, the combined usage of different assays or kits is highly recommended.

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“…Although PRRSV antibody-positive sera were identified retrospectively back to the mid-1980s in Iowa (31) and to 1979 in eastern Canada (31), viruses were never detected in the sera. During its short history, the virus has gained remarkable diversity (34, 49), and it now occurs in most commercial swine industries throughout the world (10,12,41,69,77). There are a number of important epidemiological events in the history of type 2 PRRSVs, and their origins remain mysterious, including the emergence of an MN184-related cluster (28), "acute PRRS"/"abortion storm" (3, 4, 36), and highly pathogenic Chinese strains (58).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Phylogeny-Based Evolutionary, Demographical, and Geographical Dissection of North American Type 2 Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Viruses

Shī

Lam

Hon

et al. 2010

J Virol

358

375

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Type 2 (or North American-like) porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) was first recorded in 1987 in the United States and now occurs in most commercial swine industries throughout the world. In this study, we investigated the epidemiological and evolutionary behaviors of type 2 PRRSV. Based on phylogenetic analyses of 8,624 ORF5 sequences, we described a comprehensive picture of the diversity of type 2 PRRSVs and systematically classified all available sequences into lineages and sublineages, including a number of previously undescribed lineages. With the rapid growth of sequence deposition into the databases, it would be technically difficult for veterinary researchers to genotype their sequences by reanalyzing all sequences in the databases. To this end, a set of reference sequences was established based on our classification system, which represents the principal diversity of all available sequences and can readily be used for further genotyping studies. In addition, we further investigated the demographic histories of these lineages and sublineages by using Bayesian coalescence analyses, providing evolutionary insights into several important epidemiological events of type 2 PRRSV. Moreover, by using a phylogeographic approach, we were able to estimate the transmission frequencies between the pig-producing states in the United States and identified several states as the major sources of viral spread, i.e., "transmission centers." In summary, this study represents the most extensive phylogenetic analyses of type 2 PRRSV to date, providing a basis for future genotyping studies and dissecting the epidemiology of type 2 PRRSV from phylogenetic perspectives.Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) is an economically important virus which infects swine and causes reproductive failure in sows and respiratory problems in growing pigs. As a member of the Arteriviridae family (15,47,59,66), PRRSV has a positive-sense RNA genome of approximately 15 kb that carries eight overlapping open reading frames (ORFs), designated ORFs 1a, 1b, and 2 to 7 (15, 47). Among these ORFs, ORF5, encoding the major envelope glycoprotein, is an ideal candidate for phylogenetic tree construction, because it exhibits marked genetic variation within its relatively short length.PRRSV can be classified into two genotypes: type 1 (EUlike), comprising mainly European strains and represented by the prototype strain Lelystad (75); and type 2 (NA-like), comprising mainly North American strains and represented by the prototype strain VR-2332 (14). Although clinical diseases are similar following infections with these viruses, they differ significantly in terms of antigenic properties (18, 74) and genetic content (42,48,51). This has sparked hot debates on the evolutionary history and divergence time of these two genotypes (24,25,29,58), but no substantial consensus has been reached.Classification and epidemiology of type 2 PRRSV. Clinical disease due to type 2 PRRSV was first recorded in 1987 in the United Stat...

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Genetics and geographical variation of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) in Thailand

Cited by 100 publications

References 14 publications

Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus, Thailand, 2010–2011

Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus, Thailand, 2010–2011

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus

Phylogeny-Based Evolutionary, Demographical, and Geographical Dissection of North American Type 2 Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Viruses

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