Genetics of Resistance in F2 Soybean Populations for Adzuki Bean Bruchid (Callosobruchus chinensis)

Abstract

Adzuki bean bruchid (Callosobruchus chinensis) is a significant pest of soybean in Uganda. To sustainably manage this pest, utilization of resistant soybean varieties is the key solution. Development of resistant varieties needs knowledge on modes of inheritance which is crucial in selection of parent materials. To identify parents, a study was initiated to determine the gene action and mode of inheritance of resistance to bruchids in soybean. Nine parental lines were crossed in a full-diallel at Makerere University Agricultural Institute, Uganda. The generated F1s were advanced to F2 and seeds were evaluated for response to bruchid infestation in a randomised complete block design. Ten seeds were infested with 10 randomly selected unsexed 1-3 day old bruchids. Genotypes showed significant differences in seed weight loss (swl), adult bruchid emergence (ABE) and Dobie susceptibility index (DSI) indicating that these parameters could be used to screen genotypes in genetic analysis. Mean squares of general combining ability (GCA) were significant (P < 0.05) for swl, DSI and number of ABE from the F2 seeds indicating additive gene action. Susceptibility parameters ABE and DSI showed significant specific combining ability (SCA) indicating non-additive gene action. Resistance was influenced by maternal effects indicating that direction of the cross was important. Genotypes S-Line 9.2 and S-Line 13.2A showed negative significant GCA effects for at least two of the susceptibility parameters indicating that they were the best parents for bruchid resistance breeding. The study established that additive, non additive and maternal effects governed the gene expression in soybean resistance to bruchids.

Genome-wide association mapping of bruchid resistance loci in soybean

“…The present study detected a total of 13 QTNs using multi-locus GWAS methods. The presence of significant QTNs associated with resistance to bruchids implies the predominance of additive gene action in conditioning soybean resistance to bruchids (10). Previous studies reported the predominance of additive gene action conferring resistance to bruchids in cowpea (11), (38) and common bean (19).…”

“…Recently, the study carried out by Msiska et al (9) reported that soybean resistance to C. chinensis is due to the overproduction of secondary metabolites such as tannins and the high expression of enzymes such as peroxidases. A further genetic investigation of soybean resistance to C. chinensis revealed that the nature of gene action and mode of inheritance of bruchid resistance traits is quantitative and complex (10). Similarly, quantitative inheritance for resistance to bruchids has been reported in other legumes such as common bean (5) and cowpea (11).…”

Breeding potential of lablab [Lablab purpureus (L.) Sweet]: a review on characterization and bruchid studies towards improved production and utilization in Africa

“…Recent studies on major leguminous crops have reported the mechanisms of gene actions on the inheritance of resistance. Msiska et al ( 2018 ) observed the existence of additive and non-additive gene factors that influence soybean resistance to C. chinensis . The research also described the maternal effects of the parental genotypes that are core during hybridization.…”

“…Varietal resistance to pest attack is the most appropriate method since it is efficient, affects target organisms only, sustainable and reduces the cost of production. Studies on host plant resistance to bruchids have been undertaken in soybean (Msiska 2019), common bean (Maro 2017;Tigist et al 2018), cowpea (Weldekidan 2019), mung bean (L.) R. Wilczek (Somta et al 2006) and pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan L.) Millsp.) (Mishra et al 2019).…”

Genetic diversity analysis among soybean genotypes using SSR markers in Uganda

“…This in consequence led to narrowing the genetic base of the Ugandan germplasm, increasing vulnerability to changes in biotic and abiotic stresses (Ssendege et al, 2015;Tukamuhabwa and Oloka, 2016). For instance, the released soybean varieties in Uganda are susceptible to groundnut leaf miner (Namara, 2015;Ibanda et al, 2018) and bruchids (Msiska et al, 2018).…”