Genetics of the taste receptor T2R38 correlates with chronic rhinosinusitis necessitating surgical intervention

Adappa, Nithin D.; Howland, Timothy J.; Palmer, James N.; Kennedy, David W.; Doghramji, Laurel; Lysenko, Anna; Reed, Danielle R.; Lee, Robert J.; Cohen, Noam A.

doi:10.1002/alr.21140

Cited by 96 publications

(128 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…23 The gene encoding T2R38, TAS2R38, has two common polymorphisms in white populations, one that encodes a functional form of the receptor and the other encodes a nonfunctional form. 78 The in vitro studies that identified T2R38 as the host protein receptor for acyl-homoserine lactone quorum sensing molecules were complemented by subsequent in vivo studies that correlated the nonfunctional form of T2R38 with susceptibility to CRS [78][79][80][81][82] and gram-negative upper airway infection. 23 T2Rs are also expressed in solitary chemosensory cells, another cell type of the sinonasal epithelium.…”

Section: Regulation Of Antimicrobial Compoundsmentioning

confidence: 99%

New Insights into Upper Airway Innate Immunity

Hariri

Cohen

2016

Am J Rhinol�Allergy

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Section: Regulation Of Antimicrobial Compoundsmentioning

confidence: 99%

New Insights into Upper Airway Innate Immunity

Hariri

Cohen

2016

Am J Rhinol�Allergy

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“…Further studies [60 ▪ ,61 ▪▪ ,62 ▪▪ ] have demonstrated that TAS2R38 may be a genetic marker for CRS. A retrospective study [60 ▪ ] was carried out using TAS2R38 -genotyped patient samples ( N =28) from individuals who had undergone primary functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS).…”

Section: The Role Of Tas2r38 Polymorphisms In Chronic Rhinosinusitismentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of the bitter taste receptor T2R38 in upper respiratory infection and chronic rhinosinusitis

Lee

Cohen

2015

Current Opinion in Allergy &Amp; Clinical Immunology

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Purpose of review Taste receptor family 2 (T2R) bitter taste receptors were originally identified and named on the basis of their role in type 2 taste cells of the tongue, in which they serve to detect the presence of potentially harmful ingested chemicals. In 2009, researchers demonstrated that airway epithelial cells also express T2R receptors, but their role in airway physiology and human disease has only recently begun to be identified. Recent findings Recent research has demonstrated that at least one airway T2R receptor, taste receptor family 2 isoform 38 protein (T2R38) is activated by secreted bacterial products. Activation of T2R38 in sinonasal epithelial cells stimulates nitric oxide production, increasing ciliary beating and directly killing bacteria. Clinical studies have also found correlations of TAS2R38 genotype with susceptibility to gram-negative upper respiratory infection and established T2R38 as an independent risk factor for chronic rhinosinusitis requiring sinus surgery. Summary These recent studies identify a role for T2R38 in sinonasal innate immunity and chronic rhinosinusitis. Clinical implications include the potential development of T2R38-directed topical therapies, as well as using taste testing and/or genotyping to predict susceptibility to infection. Further studies are needed to more clearly determine how TAS2R38 genotype affects patient outcomes in chronic rhinosinusitis and other upper airway diseases.

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“…2,3 The clinical importance of T2R38 as a biomarker for CRS has been further elucidated by studying polymorphisms in T2R38 that produce decreased receptor functionality and lead to an increased susceptibility to gram-negative infection and recalcitrant CRS. 4,5 Furthermore, the genotype of T2R38 can predict surgical outcomes of patients with nonpolyposis CRS and even biofilm formation. 6,7 T2R38 is known to be expressed in the ciliated epithelial cells of the upper airway.…”

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confidence: 99%