Genital Abnormalities, Obstetrical Problems and Birth Injuries

Hindson, J.C.; Winter, Agnes

doi:10.1002/9780470753316.ch11

Cited by 15 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Consistently few ovine obstetrical problems were attended annually over the study period (1996–2006) with veterinary treatment of only one of 2,300 sheep, and one caesarean operation per 5,700 ewes [ 61 ] when obstetrical problems of vaginal prolapse and dystocia that would benefit from expert assistance occur at a rate around 0.5 to 1 per cent, respectively (veterinary attention needed for every 50 to 100 breeding sheep). Hindson and Winter (2002) reported that many ewe deaths were undoubtedly related to mismanagement of obstetrical problems undertaken by farmers unwilling to pay for veterinary services [ 62 ]. Lambing difficulties dealt with by farmers account for up to 70 per cent of ewe deaths [ 63 ].…”

Section: Improving Animal Welfare By Prevention and Control Of Spementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Whilst practical nutrition guidelines have been developed for use by veterinary practitioners to correct the adverse effects of ewe underfeeding on lamb birthweight [ 90 ], and subsequent perinatal lamb mortality [ 91 , 92 ], there was no reduction in perinatal lamb mortality in the following 15 years [ 62 ]. Communication is clearly an important issue in disease control [ 93 ].…”

Section: Good Stockmanship and Effective Prevention Regimensmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Challenges to Improve Farm Animal Welfare in the United Kingdom by Reducing Disease Incidence with Greater Veterinary Involvement on Farm

Scott

2013

Animals

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Simple SummarySick cattle and sheep are often treated by farmers without prior veterinary examination and, as a consequence, incorrect diagnoses and inappropriate therapies are common, but these failings largely go undetected and unreported. Many farmers maintain that market forces render veterinary care of individual sick sheep and cattle too expensive. Delays in requesting veterinary attention are not uncommon causing unnecessary animal suffering and a poorer outcome. Incidence rates of endemic diseases in the United Kingdom are too high, causing animal welfare concerns, but these could be reduced by the implementation of proven veterinary flock/herd health programmes.AbstractThe Cattle Health and Welfare Group of Great Britain report (CHAWG; 2012) lists the most important cattle diseases and disorders but fails to fully acknowledge the importance of animal mental health and; in so doing; misses the opportunity to further promote animal welfare. There are effective prevention regimens; including vaccination; husbandry and management strategies for all ten listed animal health concerns in the CHAWG report; however control measures are infrequently implemented because of perceived costs and unwillingness of many farmers to commit adequate time and resources to basic farm management tasks such as biosecurity; and biocontainment. Reducing disease prevalence rates by active veterinary herd and flock health planning; and veterinary care of many individual animal problems presently “treated” by farmers; would greatly improve animal welfare. Published studies have highlighted that treatments for lame sheep are not implemented early enough with many farmers delaying treatment for weeks; and sometimes even months; which adversely affects prognosis. Disease and welfare concerns as a consequence of sheep ectoparasites could be greatly reduced if farmers applied proven control strategies detailed in either veterinary flock health plans or advice available from expert veterinary websites. Recent studies have concluded that there is also an urgent need for veterinarians to better manage pain in livestock. Where proven treatments are available; such as blockage of pain arising from ovine obstetrical problems by combined low extradural injection of lignocaine and xylazine; these are seldom requested by farmers because the technique is a veterinary procedure and incurs a professional fee which highlights many farmers’ focus on economics rather than individual animal welfare.

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Section: Improving Animal Welfare By Prevention and Control Of Spementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Good Stockmanship and Effective Prevention Regimensmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Challenges to Improve Farm Animal Welfare in the United Kingdom by Reducing Disease Incidence with Greater Veterinary Involvement on Farm

Scott

2013

Animals

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“…Clinical findings of tenesmus, purulent vaginal discharge containing flecks of fresh blood, and weight loss are uncommon in ewes but are occasionally observed in ewes with a fetus retained in utero. Vulvar injury may result in scarring or deformity (Hindson and Winter 2000), but there are no reports in the literature to these authors' knowledge which describe urinary retention and hydronephrosis following dystocia.…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrasonographic findings of urinary retention caused by a vaginal stricture following dystocia in a ewe

2001

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“…Dystocia is defined as difficulty in parturition [1]. In sheep (Ovis aries), this could arise from a number of causes including, poor maternal pelvic conformation, oversized fetus, fetal malpresentation, inadequate uterine inertia, vaginal prolapse, uterine torsion, or ectopic pregnancy [2][3][4][5]. Normal fetal presentation during parturition in sheep is a longitudinal anterior presentation with dorso-sacral positioning [6,7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%