Genital tuberculosis in adolescent girls from low socioeconomic status with acute ectopic pregnancy presenting at a tertiary care hospital in urban Northern India: are we missing an opportunity to treat?

Banerjee, Ananya; Prateek, Shashi; Malik, Sunita; Dhingra, Deepali

doi:10.1007/s00404-012-2487-z

Cited by 12 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…GTB is a well-recognized entity in the etiology of infertility, especially in low-income countries like India, Nepal, Bangladesh, Saudi Arabia, Nigeria, Sudan and Pakistan, where MTB is a prevalent disease ( 20 , 22 , 34 , 35 ). The prevalence of GTB in women presenting with infertility varies from 1% in developed countries to 30% in developing countries ( 20 , 34 - 36 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection in women with unexplained infertility

Eftekhar

Pourmasumi

Sabeti

et al. 2015

IJRM

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Background:Genital tuberculosis (GTB) is an important cause of female infertility, especially in developing countries. The positive results of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in endometrial GTB in the absence of tubal damage raise the possibility of the detection of sub-clinical or latent disease, with doubtful benefits of treatment.Objective:To evaluate the mycobacterium tuberculosis infection in endometrial biopsy samples collected from unexplained infertile women attending Yazd Research and Clinical Center for Infertility by using PCR techniques.Materials and Methods:In this cross sectional study, 144 infertile women with unexplained infertility aged 20-35 years old and normal Histro-saplango graphy findings were enrolled. Endometrial biopsy samples from each participant were tested for mycobacterium tuberculosis detecting by PCR. In 93 patients, peritoneal fluid was also taken for culture and PCR.Results: The PCR results of endometrial specimens were negative in all cases, demonstrating that there was no GTB infection among our patients.Conclusion:Our results showed that GTB could not be considered as a major problem in women with unexplained infertility. Although, studies have indicated that PCR is a useful method in diagnosing early GTB disease in infertile women with no demonstrable evidence of tubal or endometrial involvement.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection in women with unexplained infertility

Eftekhar

Pourmasumi

Sabeti

et al. 2015

IJRM

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“…In almost all cases of GTB, Mycobacertium tuberculosis spreads hematogenously from a primary source, most commonly the lungs, to the fallopian tubes, producing irreversible tubal damage and ultimately leading to TFI in up to 40% of cases (1). In addition to infertility, GTB has also been shown to be an important risk factor for ectopic pregnancy in developing countries (108, 109). The silent nature of GTB, which often persists without any clinical manifestations, allows development of fulminating infection without detection (110).…”

Section: Vaginal Microbiome and Other Potential Pathogensmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sexually transmitted diseases and infertility

Tsevat

Wiesenfeld

Parks

et al. 2017

American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology

326

229

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Female infertility, including tubal factor infertility, is a major public health concern worldwide. Most cases of tubal factor infertility are attributable to untreated sexually transmitted diseases that ascend along the reproductive tract and are capable of causing tubal inflammation, damage, and scarring. Evidence has consistently demonstrated the effects of Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae as pathogenic bacteria involved in reproductive tract morbidities including tubal factor infertility and pelvic inflammatory disease. There is limited evidence in the medical literature that other sexually transmitted organisms, including Mycoplasma genitalium, Trichomonas vaginalis, and other microorganisms within the vaginal microbiome may be important factors involved in the pathology of infertility. Further investigation into the vaginal microbiome and other potential pathogens is necessary in order to identify preventable causes of tubal factor infertility. Improved clinical screening and prevention of ascending infection may provide a solution to the persistent burden of infertility.

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“…Reported outcomes are frequently better in high-income populations, 43,44 but many cases are diagnosed late, as the symptoms may be confused with those of other possible conditions; some cases may even be diagnosed retrospectively after identification of neonatal TB. 45,46 Reported presentations include, but are not restricted to, papulonecrotic tuberculids, 47 TB spine, 48,49 meningitis, 50 primitive caeco-appendicular TB, 51 genital TB as a possible cause of ectopic pregnancy, 52,53 pericarditis, 54 hemoptysis, 55,56 and peritoneal TB. [57][58][59] Foetal outcomes range from being completely asymptomatic, to serious congenital abnormalities, and even a spontaneous abortion with TB histology in both placenta and foetus.…”

Section: Extrapulmonary Tb and Pregnancymentioning

confidence: 99%

Perspectives on tuberculosis in pregnancy

Bates

Ahmed

Kapata

et al. 2015

International Journal of Infectious Diseases

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Tuberculosis (TB) has been recognized as an important cause of morbidity and mortality in pregnancy for nearly a century, but research and efforts to roll out comprehensive TB screening and treatment in high-risk populations such as those with a high prevalence of HIV or other diseases of poverty, have lagged behind similar efforts to address HIV infection in pregnancy and the prevention of mother-to-child-transmission. Immunological changes during pregnancy make the activation of latent TB infection or de novo infection more likely than among non-pregnant women. TB treatment in pregnancy poses several problems that have been under-researched, such as contraindications to anti-TB and anti-HIV drugs and potential risks to the neonate, which are particularly important with respect to second-line TB treatment. Whilst congenital TB is thought to be rare, data from high HIV burden settings suggest this is not the case. There is a need for more studies screening for TB in neonates and observing outcomes, and testing preventative or curative actions. National tuberculosis control programmes (NTPs) should work with antenatal and national HIV programmes in high-burden populations to provide screening at antenatal clinics, or to establish functioning systems whereby pregnant women at high risk can drop in to routine NTP screening stations.

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Genital tuberculosis in adolescent girls from low socioeconomic status with acute ectopic pregnancy presenting at a tertiary care hospital in urban Northern India: are we missing an opportunity to treat?

Cited by 12 publications

References 8 publications

Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection in women with unexplained infertility

Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection in women with unexplained infertility

Sexually transmitted diseases and infertility

Perspectives on tuberculosis in pregnancy

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