Genogrouping of Vaccine Breakdown Strains (VBS) of Feline Calicivirus in Japan

Ohe, Kyoko; Sakai, Sachi; Takahasi, T; Sunaga, Fujiko; Murakami, Masaru; Kiuchi, Akio; Fukuyama, Masafumi; Furuhata, Katsunori; Hara, Motonobu; Ishikawa, Yoshihiro; Taneno, Akira

doi:10.1007/s11259-007-3454-1

Cited by 11 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…27 Population scale vaccination programs potentially contribute in other ways to pathogen evolution or virulence for pathogens for which vaccination attenuates clinical disease but not infection/shedding. Ohe et al 62 compared the genogroup of feline calicivirus (FCV) isolates from vaccinated cats with those from unvaccinated cats. Significantly more vaccine ''breakdown'' strains (presence of new or resistant isolates against which the vaccine is ineffective) were isolated from vaccinated relative to unvaccinated cats.…”

Section: Stressmentioning

confidence: 99%

Common and Emerging Infectious Diseases in the Animal Shelter

Pesavento

Murphy

2013

Vet Pathol

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The beneficial role that animal shelters play is unquestionable. An estimated 3 to 4 million animals are cared for or placed in homes each year, and most shelters promote public health and support responsible pet ownership. It is, nonetheless, inevitable that shelters are prime examples of anthropogenic biological instability: even well-run shelters often house transient, displaced, and mixed populations of animals. Many of these animals have received minimal to no prior health care, and some have a history of scavenging or predation to survive. Overcrowding and poor shelter conditions further magnify these inherent risks to create individual, intraspecies, and interspecies stress and provide an environment conducive to exposure to numerous potentially collaborative pathogens. All of these factors can contribute to the evolution and emergence of new pathogens or to alterations in virulence of endemic pathogens. While it is not possible to effectively anticipate the timing or the pathogen type in emergence events, their sites of origin are less enigmatic, and pathologists and diagnosticians who work with sheltered animal populations have recognized several such events in the past decade. This article first considers the contribution of the shelter environment to canine and feline disease. This is followed by summaries of recent research on the pathogenesis of common shelter pathogens, as well as research that has led to the discovery of novel or emerging diseases and the methods that are used for their diagnosis and discovery. For the infectious agents that commonly affect sheltered dogs and cats, including canine distemper virus, canine influenza virus, Streptococcus spp, parvoviruses, feline herpesvirus, feline caliciviruses, and feline infectious peritonitis virus, we present familiar as well as newly recognized lesions associated with infection. Preliminary studies on recently discovered viruses like canine circovirus, canine bocavirus, and feline norovirus indicate that these pathogens can cause or contribute to canine and feline disease.

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Section: Stressmentioning

confidence: 99%

Common and Emerging Infectious Diseases in the Animal Shelter

Pesavento

Murphy

2013

Vet Pathol

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“…Calicivirus is prevalent in domestic and wild feline populations throughout the world. FCV isolation has been reported in the USA [ 4 5 ], Australia [ 6 ], Brazil [ 7 8 ], some European (Great Britain [ 9 10 11 ], Italy [ 11 12 ], Germany [ 9 11 13 14 ]), and Asian (South Korea [ 15 16 ], Japan [ 17 18 19 ], China [ 20 21 ]) countries. Data on the distribution of the FCV in Russia are insufficient.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distribution and genetic diversity of Feline calicivirus in Moscow metropolitan area

et al. 2022

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Background Feline calicivirus (FCV) is widespread throughout the world. An FCV infection is associated with conjunctivitis, rhinitis, and mouth ulcers that can lead to the animal’s death. Because vaccination is not always effective, it is necessary to monitor the infection regularly. Objectives This study examined the FCV epizootic situation in the Moscow metropolitan area by conducting a molecular phylogenetic analysis of the virus isolates. Methods Samples from 6213 animals were examined by a reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. For phylogenetic analysis, 12 nucleotide sequences obtained from animal samples were selected. Sequencing was performed using the Sanger method. Phylogenetic analysis was conducted using the Maximum Likelihood method. Results The FCV genome was detected in 1,596 (25.7%) samples out of 6,213. In 2018, calicivirus was detected in 18.9% of samples, 27.8% in 2019, 21.4% in 2020, and 32.6% in 2021. Phylogenetic analysis of the F ORF2 region and the ORF3 start region led to division into two FCV genogroups. Most of the isolates (8 out of 12) were close to the Chinese strains. On the other hand, there were isolates closely related to European and American strains. The isolates circulating in Moscow were not included in clusters with vaccine strains; their nucleotide similarity varied from 77% to 83%. Conclusions This study revealed a high prevalence and genetic diversity of the FCV in Moscow. The epizootic situation remains stably tense because 24 viruses were detected in 25% of animals annually.

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“…The high infection rate and variability of FCV provide the necessary conditions for the evolution of FCV, the recombination of various strains, and even the emergence of FCV VSD. At present, vaccination is the main measure to control viral infection, but it does not provide good immune protection for cats; it cannot prevent infection or prevent infected cats from becoming virus carriers [13]. FCV is a non-enveloped RNA virus.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Establishment and Application of a Taqman Reverse Transcriptase Quantitative Real Time Pcr Assay for Feline Calicivirus

Zhao¹,

Liang²,

Zhang³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Feline calicivirus (FCV) is an infectious pathogen that causes disease in cats. With the current emergence of FCV-associated virulent systemic disease (FCV VSD) worldwide, the establishment of a rapid, sensitive, and reproducible diagnostic assay for its detection is important to inform prevention and control strategies. In this study, specific primers and TaqMan-FAM probes were designed based on the conserved regions of the FCV genome sequence, and a TaqMan reverse transcriptase quantitative real time PCR assay was established. This assay could specifically detected the FCV genome. The assay had a wide dynamic range, with linear detection in the range of 9.6×109 copies/μL to 9.6×100 copies/μL, with a limit of detection of 9.6×100 copies/μL, showing high sensitivity and repeatability. In addition, we used this assay to evaluated clinical samples (n=100) taken from cats from across China for the presence/absence of FCV genetic material For samples with low virus content, the positive detection rate of TaqMan reverse transcriptase quantitative real time PCR assay (RT-qPCR) was much higher than that of conventional reverse transcriptase PCR assay (cRT-PCR). And The qRT-PCR assay was used to detect the viral load of cat swabs within 17 days after FCV infection. From days 1-9, the oral and nasal swabs generally had higher viral loads than the anal swabs. While from days 10-17, the levels in the oral and nasal swabs being generally lower than those in the anal swabs. Overall, this FCV TaqMan RT-qPCR assay assay represents a rapid and accurate.

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Genogrouping of Vaccine Breakdown Strains (VBS) of Feline Calicivirus in Japan

Cited by 11 publications

References 26 publications

Common and Emerging Infectious Diseases in the Animal Shelter

Common and Emerging Infectious Diseases in the Animal Shelter

Distribution and genetic diversity of Feline calicivirus in Moscow metropolitan area

Establishment and Application of a Taqman Reverse Transcriptase Quantitative Real Time Pcr Assay for Feline Calicivirus

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