Genome–environment association study suggests local adaptation to climate at the regional scale in <i>Fagus sylvatica</i>

Pluess, Andrea R.; Frank, Aline; Heiri, Caroline; Lalagüe, Hadrien; Vendramin, Giovanni G.; Oddou‐Muratorio, Sylvie

doi:10.1111/nph.13809

Cited by 107 publications

(116 citation statements)

References 71 publications

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“…The mean observed and expected heterozygosity of the populations was 0.262 and 0.263, respectively. These values are similar to the values reported in other studies that analyzed the same or other beech populations in Germany or Switzerland [17,30,31,34,70] and indicate a high adaptive genetic diversity of beech that is comparable with other tree species (e.g., H e = 0.25 [71] and 0.188 [72] in Pinus taeda L.; 0.208 in Quercus robur L., 0.252 in Q. petraea (Matt.) Liebl., 0.274 in Q. pubescens Willd., 0.283 in Q. frainetto Ten.…”

Section: Potentially Adaptive Genetic Variationsupporting

confidence: 88%

Genetic Variation of European Beech Populations and Their Progeny from Northeast Germany to Southwest Switzerland

Müller

Cuervo-Alarcon

Gailing

et al. 2018

Forests

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Climate change can adversely affect the growth of European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) across its entire distribution range. Therefore, knowledge of the adaptive potential of this species to changing climatic conditions is of foremost importance. Genetic diversity is the basis for adaptation to environmental stress, and the regeneration phase of forests is a key stage affecting genetic diversity. Nevertheless, little is known about the effect of climate change on the genetic diversity of adult trees compared to their progeny. Here, we present genetic diversity data for 24 beech populations ranging from northeast Germany to southwest Switzerland. Potentially adaptive genetic variation was studied using single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers in candidate genes that are possibly involved in adaptive trait variation. In addition, more than 2000 adult trees and 3000 of their seedlings were genotyped with simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers to determine selectively neutral genetic diversity and differentiation among populations. All populations showed high SSR and SNP variation, and no differences in genetic diversity were found between adult trees and their offspring. The genetic differentiation between adults and seedlings within the same stands was also insignificant or very low. Therefore, we can conclude tentatively that the transfer of genetic variation among tree generations, currently, is not much affected by climate change, at least in the studied beech populations.

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Section: Potentially Adaptive Genetic Variationsupporting

confidence: 88%

Genetic Variation of European Beech Populations and Their Progeny from Northeast Germany to Southwest Switzerland

Müller

Cuervo-Alarcon

Gailing

et al. 2018

Forests

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“…High-resolution environmental data are now available from public climate databases, such as the worldclim database (www.worldclim.org). Recent landscape population genomics studies have highlighted the genetic mechanisms of species adaptation to the environment (Ćalić et al, 2016; Pluess et al, 2016). Statistical approaches have been developed to identify outlier loci showing higher differentiation among populations and lower genetic diversity within populations compared with selectively neutral regions of a genome (Abebe et al, 2015); these approaches include BayeScan based on multinomial-Dirichlet model (Foll and Gaggiotti, 2008) and Arlequin based on hierarchical island model (Excoffier and Lischer, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Landscape Population Genomics of Forsythia (Forsythia suspensa) Reveal That Ecological Habitats Determine the Adaptive Evolution of Species

et al. 2017

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Understanding the genetic mechanisms of adaptation to environmental variables is a key concern in molecular ecology and evolutionary biology. Determining the adaptive evolutionary direction and evaluating the adaptation status of species can improve our understanding of these mechanisms. In this study, we sampled 20 populations of Forsythia suspensa to infer the relationship between environmental variables and adaptive genetic variations. Population structure analysis revealed that four genetic groups of F. suspensa exist resulting from divergent selection driven by seven environmental variables. A total of 26 outlier loci were identified by both BayeScan and FDIST2, 23 of which were environment-associated loci (EAL). Environmental association analysis revealed that the environmental variables related to the ecological habitats of F. suspensa are associated with high numbers of EAL. Results of EAL characterization in F. suspensa are consistent with the hypothesis that ecological habitats determine the adaptive evolution of this species. Moreover, a model of species adaptation to environmental variables was proposed in this study. The adaptation model was used to further evaluate the adaptation status of F. suspensa to environmental variables. This study will be useful to help us in understanding the adaptive evolution of species in regions lacking strong selection pressure.

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“…Briefly, we sampled 92 populations of spruce, 90 populations of fir, and 77 populations of beech from their natural ranges in Switzerland (Figure 1). Decreasing relatedness between individuals with increasing distance between trees was confirmed for beech in a parallel study using molecular markers (Pluess et al, 2016), but was not tested for spruce and fir. For most populations, seeds were collected from three trees.…”

Section: Plant Materials and Common Garden Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk of genetic maladaptation due to climate change in three major European tree species

Frank

Howe

Sperisen

et al. 2017

Global Change Biology

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Tree populations usually show adaptations to their local environments as a result of natural selection. As climates change, populations can become locally maladapted and decline in fitness. Evaluating the expected degree of genetic maladaptation due to climate change will allow forest managers to assess forest vulnerability, and develop strategies to preserve forest health and productivity. We studied potential genetic maladaptation to future climates in three major European tree species, Norway spruce (Picea abies), silver fir (Abies alba), and European beech (Fagus sylvatica). A common garden experiment was conducted to evaluate the quantitative genetic variation in growth and phenology of seedlings from 77 to 92 native populations of each species from across Switzerland. We used multivariate genecological models to associate population variation with past seed source climates, and to estimate relative risk of maladaptation to current and future climates based on key phenotypic traits and three regional climate projections within the A1B scenario. Current risks from climate change were similar to average risks from current seed transfer practices. For all three climate models, future risks increased in spruce and beech until the end of the century, but remained low in fir. Largest average risks associated with climate projections for the period 2061-2090 were found for spruce seedling height (0.64), and for beech bud break and leaf senescence (0.52 and 0.46). Future risks for spruce were high across Switzerland. However, areas of high risk were also found in drought-prone regions for beech and in the southern Alps for fir. Genetic maladaptation to future climates is likely to become a problem for spruce and beech by the end of this century, but probably not for fir. Consequently, forest management strategies should be adjusted in the study area for spruce and beech to maintain productive and healthy forests in the future.

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Genome–environment association study suggests local adaptation to climate at the regional scale in Fagus sylvatica

Cited by 107 publications

References 71 publications

Genetic Variation of European Beech Populations and Their Progeny from Northeast Germany to Southwest Switzerland

Genetic Variation of European Beech Populations and Their Progeny from Northeast Germany to Southwest Switzerland

Landscape Population Genomics of Forsythia (Forsythia suspensa) Reveal That Ecological Habitats Determine the Adaptive Evolution of Species

Risk of genetic maladaptation due to climate change in three major European tree species

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