Genome of low-temperature T4-related bacteriophage vB_EcoM-VR7

Kalinienė, Laura; Klausa, Vytautas; Zajančkauskaitė, Aurelija; Nivinskas, Rimas; Truncaitė, Lidija

doi:10.1007/s00705-011-1084-y

Cited by 9 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Interestingly, with the exception of S2-8, these genes are clustered in a region of ϳ25 kb. The phenomenon is consistent with a previous observation that genes with similar functions are usually arranged in a modular or cassette configuration in phage genomes (25)(26)(27). The corresponding region (ϳ23 kb) of bacteriophage vB_KleM-RaK2 also contains multiple tail fiber/spike encoding genes.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Klebsiella Phage ΦK64-1 Encodes Multiple Depolymerases for Multiple Host Capsular Types

Pan

Lin

Chen

et al. 2017

J Virol

130

111

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The genome of the multihost bacteriophage ⌽K64-1, capable of infecting Klebsiella capsular types K1, K11, K21, K25, K30, K35, K64, and K69, as well as new capsular types KN4 and KN5, was analyzed and revealed that 11 genes (S1-1, S1-2, S1-3, S2-1, S2-2, S2-3, S2-4, S2-5, S2-6, S2-7, and S2-8) encode proteins with amino acid sequence similarity to tail fibers/spikes or lyases. S2-5 previously was shown to encode a K64 capsule depolymerase (K64dep). Specific capsule-degrading activities of an additional eight putative capsule depolymerases (S2-4 against K1, S1-1 against K11, S1-3 against K21, S2-2 against K25, S2-6 against K30/K69, S2-3 against K35, S1-2 against KN4, and S2-1 against KN5) was demonstrated by expression and purification of the recombinant proteins. Consistent with the capsular type-specific depolymerization activity of these gene products, phage mutants of S1-2, S2-2, S2-3, or S2-6 lost infectivity for KN4, K25, K35, or K30/K69, respectively, indicating that capsule depolymerase is crucial for infecting specific hosts. In conclusion, we identified nine functional capsule depolymerase-encoding genes in a bacteriophage and correlated activities of the gene products to all ten hosts of this phage, providing an example of type-specific host infection mechanisms in a multihost bacteriophage.IMPORTANCE We currently identified eight novel capsule depolymerases in a multihost Klebsiella bacteriophage and correlated the activities of the gene products to all hosts of this phage, providing an example of carriage of multiple depolymerases in a phage with a wide capsular type host spectrum. Moreover, we also established a recombineering system for modification of Klebsiella bacteriophage genomes and demonstrated the importance of capsule depolymerase for infecting specific hosts. Based on the powerful tool for modification of phage genome, further studies can be conducted to improve the understanding of mechanistic details of Klebsiella phage infection. Furthermore, the newly identified capsule depolymerases will be of great value for applications in capsular typing.KEYWORDS Klebsiella, bacteriophage, capsular type, capsule depolymerase, multiple host T he genus Klebsiella, especially the species Klebsiella pneumoniae, is an important human pathogen that causes a wide range of diseases, including both community and hospital-acquired infections. It is associated with septicemia, pneumonia, and urinary tract infections (1, 2) and also is responsible for a globally emerging disease, pyogenic liver abscess complicated with metastatic meningitis and endophthalmitis (3,4).Klebsiella spp. typically display a layer of thick, polysaccharide-based capsule on their surfaces. The expression of diverse capsule structure caused by different sugar compositions and linkages divide them into distinct serotypes. In addition, genetic

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Klebsiella Phage ΦK64-1 Encodes Multiple Depolymerases for Multiple Host Capsular Types

Pan

Lin

Chen

et al. 2017

J Virol

130

111

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“…A total of 531 RaK2 ORFs were found to initiate with AUG, and only 3 were found to initiate with GUG. In contrast to what had been observed in other phages (1,4), no ORFs of RaK2 were found to initiate from UUG or AUU. Unexpectedly, a marked asymmetry in the distribution of the genes on the two phage DNA strands, with 500 (94%) ORFs on the plus strand and only 34 (6%) ORFs on the minus strand, was observed.…”

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confidence: 99%

Genome of Klebsiella sp.-Infecting Bacteriophage vB_KleM_RaK2

Šimoliūnas¹,

Kalinienė²,

Truncaitė³

et al. 2012

J Virol

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“…Phage genomes are usually organized into modular structures, with each module containing clusters of genes with specific functions [51], [52], [53]. In the case of RaK2, the precise delineation of the groups of genes is not possible because of the presence of many ORFs with no homology or those that encode proteins of unknown function.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Klebsiella Phage vB_KleM-RaK2 — A Giant Singleton Virus of the Family Myoviridae

et al. 2013

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At 346 kbp in size, the genome of a jumbo bacteriophage vB_KleM-RaK2 (RaK2) is the largest Klebsiella infecting myovirus genome sequenced to date. In total, 272 out of 534 RaK2 ORFs lack detectable database homologues. Based on the similarity to biologically defined proteins and/or MS/MS analysis, 117 of RaK2 ORFs were given a functional annotation, including 28 RaK2 ORFs coding for structural proteins that have no reliable homologues to annotated structural proteins in other organisms. The electron micrographs revealed elaborate spike-like structures on the tail fibers of Rak2, suggesting that this phage is an atypical myovirus. While head and tail proteins of RaK2 are mostly myoviridae-related, the bioinformatics analysis indicate that tail fibers/spikes of this phage are formed from podovirus-like peptides predominantly. Overall, these results provide evidence that bacteriophage RaK2 differs profoundly from previously studied viruses of the Myoviridae family.

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Genome of low-temperature T4-related bacteriophage vB_EcoM-VR7

Cited by 9 publications

References 16 publications

Klebsiella Phage ΦK64-1 Encodes Multiple Depolymerases for Multiple Host Capsular Types

Klebsiella Phage ΦK64-1 Encodes Multiple Depolymerases for Multiple Host Capsular Types

Genome of Klebsiella sp.-Infecting Bacteriophage vB_KleM_RaK2

Klebsiella Phage vB_KleM-RaK2 — A Giant Singleton Virus of the Family Myoviridae

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