Genome Sequence of Acinetobacter sp. Strain HA, Isolated from the Gut of the Polyphagous Insect Pest Helicoverpa armigera

Abstract

bIn this study, Acinetobacter sp. strain HA was isolated from the midgut of a fifth-instar larva of Helicoverpa armigera. Here, we report the draft genome sequence (3,125,085 bp) of this strain that consists of 102 contigs, 2,911 predicted coding sequences, and a G؉C content of 41%.A cinetobacter sp. strain HA was isolated from the midgut of a fifth-instar larva of Helicoverpa armigera collected from an agricultural field in Maharashtra, India (7). The strain exhibited enhanced esterase activity and facilitated the metabolism of the insecticide cypermethrin, which can thus contribute to insect resistance (1). Here, we report the draft genome sequence of strain HA using the Roche 454 GS (FLX Titanium) system (3-kb pairedend library; 511,555 reads) that led to ϳ45-fold coverage of the entire genome. The reads generated were assembled into 102 contigs by using Ray de novo assembler version 0.0.3 set at a k-mer length of 25 (3). The final assembly was validated using paired-end constraints (N 50 contigs, 68.4 kb). The draft genome was annotated using RAST version 4.0 (2), NCBI Prokaryotic Genomes Automatic Annotation Pipeline (PGAAP; http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih .gov/genomes/static/Pipeline.html), and the KEGG database (4).The draft genome of Acinetobacter sp. HA represents a genome size of 3,125,085 bp with an average GϩC content of 41%. A total of 2,911 protein-coding sequences and 932 hypothetical proteins were predicted on annotation. The genome contains 66 tandem repeats, and the coding density was calculated to be 84.83%. Sixtyfour predicted tRNA genes, representing all amino acids, were identified by using tRNAscan-SE (6). Four copies of 5S rRNA, 2 copies of 23S rRNA, and 2 copies of 16S rRNA were found in the sequence by using RNAmmer (5). In addition, 123 predicted transposase genes but no gene coding for pyruvate kinase, a key component in carbohydrate metabolism, were found. However, 3 polyglutamic acid (PGA) synthesis-related protein-coding genes responsible for biofilm formation were present. Also, the presence of genes coding for esterase enzyme have been observed. Annotations by RAST revealed 383 subsystems and 45 genes relevant to resistance to antibiotics, and toxic compounds were found. Among these, 9 genes coding for cobalt-zinc-cadmium resistance and 14 coding for multidrug resistance efflux pumps were found. RAST results also indicated Acinetobacter lwoffii SH145 (score, 520), Acinetobacter baumannii AB0057 (score, 518), and Acinetobacter baumannii ACICU (score, 518) as the closest neighbors of strain HA. Detailed analysis of the genome sequence of Acinetobacter sp. HA will further provide a comprehensive understanding toward predicting its role in metabolizing insecticides and hence conferring resistance to Helicoverpa armigera.Nucleotide sequence accession number. The genome sequence of Acinetobacter sp. strain HA is available in GenBank under accession number AJXD00000000. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

Bacterial communities in natural versus pesticide‐treated Aphis gossypii populations in North China

“…There were 22 biomarkers identified at the genus-level, all of them raised the relative abundance in the phoxim-treated population. There were some types that are probably involved in insect resistance to pesticides, such as Acinetobacter, which was isolated from the midgut of a pesticide-resistant H. armigera (Malhotra et al, 2012), and Chryseobacterium isolated from the pyridaben-resistant population of Tetranychus urticae (Yoon et al, 2010). Many pesticides can be degraded by Kocuria, Nocardioides or Pseudonocardia (Bostanian & Akalach, 2006;Chakraborty & Das, 2016;Kumar, Kumar, & Sharma, 2016).…”

Acinetobacter baumannii: evolution of a global pathogen

“…3.9 Mb) and lacks many of the putative A. baumannii virulence genes. The species classification of this strain is still uncertain, but its closest neighbours are A. lwoffii and A. baumannii (Malhotra et al ., ).…”

“…Recently, the genome of a second Acinetobacter strain isolated from an haematophage gut, Acinetobacter sp. HA, has been sequenced (Malhotra et al, 2012). The genome of this strain is also smaller than the average clinical A. baumannii genome (3.1 Mb vs. c. 3.9 Mb) and lacks many of the putative A. baumannii virulence genes.…”

“…The genome of this strain is also smaller than the average clinical A. baumannii genome (3.1 Mb vs. c. 3.9 Mb) and lacks many of the putative A. baumannii virulence genes. The species classification of this strain is still uncertain, but its closest neighbours are A. lwoffii and A. baumannii (Malhotra et al, 2012).…”

Diversity of culturable bacteria including Pantoea in wild mosquito Aedes albopictus

“…Culturable Proteobacteria associated with insects were shown to play a role in carbohydrate degradation and nutrient provision [17,18]. In addition to phenotypic characterization of bacterial isolates, culturing also facilitates bacterial genome sequencing, a further link towards revealing functionality [19]. There have also been a number of recent studies of the use of engineered bacteria in the development of more efficient insect control strategies.…”