Genome sequence of SeIV-1, a novel virus from the Iflaviridae family infective to Spodoptera exigua

Millán-Leiva, Anabel; Jakubowska, Agata; Ferré, Juan; Herrero, Salvador

doi:10.1016/j.jip.2011.10.009

Cited by 31 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…There are currently seven definitive groups within the genus Iflavirus recognized in the Ninth Report of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (69). However, several tentative viruses have been identified that show sequence similarity to the members of the genus Iflavirus yet are classified as unassigned viruses at this time (12,16,21,70,71). Previous phylogenetic analysis suggested that iflaviruses have evolved from different origins since the viruses infecting insects from the same order do not form a single clade (3,17).…”

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confidence: 99%

Diverse Array of New Viral Sequences Identified in Worldwide Populations of the Asian Citrus Psyllid (Diaphorina citri) Using Viral Metagenomics

Nouri

Salem

Nigg

et al. 2016

J Virol

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The Asian citrus psyllid, Diaphorina citri, is the natural vector of the causal agent of Huanglongbing (HLB), or citrus greening disease. Together; HLB and D. citri represent a major threat to world citrus production. As there is no cure for HLB, insect vector management is considered one strategy to help control the disease, and D. citri viruses might be useful. In this study, we used a metagenomic approach to analyze viral sequences associated with the global population of D. citri. By sequencing small RNAs and the transcriptome coupled with bioinformatics analysis, we showed that the virus-like sequences of D. citri are diverse. We identified novel viral sequences belonging to the picornavirus superfamily, the Reoviridae, Parvoviridae, and Bunyaviridae families, and an unclassified positive-sense single-stranded RNA virus. Moreover, a Wolbachia prophage-related sequence was identified. This is the first comprehensive survey to assess the viral community from worldwide populations of an agricultural insect pest. Our results provide valuable information on new putative viruses, some of which may have the potential to be used as biocontrol agents. IMPORTANCEInsects have the most species of all animals, and are hosts to, and vectors of, a great variety of known and unknown viruses. Some of these most likely have the potential to be important fundamental and/or practical resources. In this study, we used highthroughput next-generation sequencing (NGS) technology and bioinformatics analysis to identify putative viruses associated with Diaphorina citri, the Asian citrus psyllid. D. citri is the vector of the bacterium causing Huanglongbing (HLB), currently the most serious threat to citrus worldwide. Here, we report several novel viral sequences associated with D. citri. Viruses are the most abundant microbes on our planet (1) and are found in all types of organisms. Insects are the largest and most diverse taxonomic class among animals, representing perhaps half of known animals, with more than one million species recognized worldwide (2). Insects are known to be hosts to viruses belonging to various viral taxa, including the Baculoviridae, Parvoviridae, Flaviviridae, Ascoviridae, Togaviridae, Bunyaviridae, and Rhabdoviridae (3). However, the number of currently described viral species infecting insects is relatively low compared to the number of viruses that have been discovered among prokaryotes, plants, and vertebrates. Furthermore, most of the insect viruses described to date have been discovered because of their pathogenic effects on their insect hosts or because they are pathogens of humans, other vertebrates, or economically important plants. Traditional viral detection methods that require prior knowledge of genome sequences may not be suitable for the discovery of new viruses and, in particular, viruses with a high level of genetic diversity. However, in the past decade, the development of high-throughput next-generation sequencing (NGS) technologies and bioinformatics applications has provided ne...

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

Diverse Array of New Viral Sequences Identified in Worldwide Populations of the Asian Citrus Psyllid (Diaphorina citri) Using Viral Metagenomics

Nouri

Salem

Nigg

et al. 2016

J Virol

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“…Additional studies revealed that SeIV1 can replicate, disperse through larval feces, and be horizontally transmitted with a very high efficiency but without clear pathological effects on the host (Millán-Leiva et al, 2012). Horizontal transmission in the field mainly depends on the prevalence of infected insects (as a source of inoculum), the density of susceptible hosts and on viral resistance to abiotic factors that could negatively impact the persistence of virus particles in the environment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Iflaviruses have generally received little attention from invertebrate pathologists due to their low pathogenicity and tendency to produce inapparent sublethal infections (Millán-Leiva et al, 2012;Chen, Becnel & Valles, 2012). Coinfection of iflavirus with baculoviruses in field conditions has been reported recently (Virto et al, 2014).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…SeIV1 was detected and isolated from the laboratory colony of S. exigua (Millán-Leiva et al, 2012). The SeMNPV isolate used for the establishment of covert infections was originally isolated from spontaneous infections observed in the laboratory-reared offspring of field-caught S. exigua females (Cabodevilla et al, 2011).…”

Section: Insects and Virusesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Spodoptera exigua iflavirus 1 (SeIV1) was the first iflavirus described in S. exigua. SeIV1 has a genome of about 10 kb that codes for a 3222 amino acid polyprotein that, following proteinase processing, results in the structural and nonstructural viral peptides (Millán-Leiva et al, 2012). Despite its high infectivity, specificity and ability to replicate in S. exigua larvae, no clear effects on host fitness have been detected in insects infected with this virus (Millán-Leiva et al, 2012;Jakubowska et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Iflavirus increases its infectivity and physical stability in association with baculovirus

2016

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Virus transmission and the prevalence of infection depend on multiple factors, including the interaction with other viral pathogens infecting the same host. In this study, active replication of an iflavirus, Spodoptera exigua iflavirus 1 (order Picornavirales) was observed in the offspring of insects that survived following inoculation with a pathogenic baculovirus, Spodoptera exigua multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus. Tracking the origin of the iflavirus suggested the association of this virus with the occlusion bodies of the baculovirus. Here we investigated the effect of this association on the stability and infectivity of both viruses. A reduction in baculovirus pathogenicity, without affecting its infectivity and productivity, was observed when associated with the iflavirus. In contrast, viral association increased the infectivity of the iflavirus and its resistance to ultraviolet radiation and high temperature, two of the main factors affecting virus stability in the field. In addition, electron microscopy analysis revealed the presence of particles resembling iflavirus virions inside the occlusion bodies of the baculovirus, suggesting the possible co-occlusion of both viruses. Results reported here are indicative of facultative phoresis of a virus and suggest that virus-virus interactions may be more common than currently recognized, and may be influential in the ecology of baculovirus and host populations and in consequence in the use of baculoviruses as biological insecticides.

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Impact of covert infections with an RNA virus on the susceptibility of Spodoptera exigua to natural enemies

et al. 2022

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Integrated Pest Management (IPM) programs are alternatives to classical pest control through the application of chemical insecticides. IPM goal is to maintain pest populations below economically injurious levels minimizing the use of chemical insecticides. In recent years, research on insect viromes has led to the discovery of many novel viral pathogens in insect pests, some of them producing covert infections that do not cause evident symptoms. However, the impact that these viruses have on the action of natural enemies employed in IPM programs is still unknown. Spodoptera exigua iflavirus 1 (SeIV1) is an RNA virus commonly found in field populations of Spodoptera exigua. In this work, we have analysed the possible impact of those viral infections on the activity of different natural enemies used for the control of this pest. Specifically, we have studied the effects of SeIV1 on susceptibility to entomopathogenic nematodes, fungi, bacteria, and parasitoids. Infections with SeIV1 showed to be compatible with the nematode Steinernema carpocapsae as the infection did not affect the susceptibility or production of new juveniles. Moreover, they are also compatible with the fungus Metarhizium brunneum as the mortality of S. exigua larvae was not affected by the viral infection. Interestingly, infections with SeIV1 increase the susceptibility to Bacillus thuringiensis formulation and increase the mortality caused by the parasitism of Hyposoter didymator. In summary, our results show that the four natural enemies tested are not negatively affected by SeIV1 and their action remains similar or enhanced by the covert infections with this iflavirus.

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Genome sequence of SeIV-1, a novel virus from the Iflaviridae family infective to Spodoptera exigua

Cited by 31 publications

References 25 publications

Diverse Array of New Viral Sequences Identified in Worldwide Populations of the Asian Citrus Psyllid (Diaphorina citri) Using Viral Metagenomics

Diverse Array of New Viral Sequences Identified in Worldwide Populations of the Asian Citrus Psyllid (Diaphorina citri) Using Viral Metagenomics

Iflavirus increases its infectivity and physical stability in association with baculovirus

Impact of covert infections with an RNA virus on the susceptibility of Spodoptera exigua to natural enemies

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