Genome Sequences of the Primary Endosymbiont “Candidatus Portiera aleyrodidarum” in the Whitefly Bemisia tabaci B and Q Biotypes

Jiang, Zi Feng; Xia, Fangfang; Johnson, Kipp W.; Bartom, Elizabeth T.; Tuteja, Jigyasa H.; Grossman, Robert L.; Brumin, Marina; White, Kevin P.; Ghanim, Murad

doi:10.1128/jb.01841-12

Cited by 26 publications

(20 citation statements)

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“…A total of 272 genes were predicted in the Portiera genome, and 84.5% of them (230 genes) have homologs present in GenBank. The genome encodes three rRNA genes (16S, 23S and 5S), two non-coding RNAs (rnpB, tmRNA) and 33 tRNA genes including at least one for each of the 20 amino acids (Table 3 ), as observed in the two other assembled Portiera genomes of the MED whitefly species and the two genomes of Portiera in the MEAM1 whitefly species [ 11 , 13 , 47 ]. The gene content is the same in all deposited genomes, the differences being only due to variations in the annotations and pseudogene detection parameters.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genome reduction and potential metabolic complementation of the dual endosymbionts in the whitefly Bemisia tabaci

et al. 2015

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BackgroundThe whitefly Bemisia tabaci is an important agricultural pest with global distribution. This phloem-sap feeder harbors a primary symbiont, “Candidatus Portiera aleyrodidarum”, which compensates for the deficient nutritional composition of its food sources, and a variety of secondary symbionts. Interestingly, all of these secondary symbionts are found in co-localization with the primary symbiont within the same bacteriocytes, which should favor the evolution of strong interactions between symbionts.ResultsIn this paper, we analyzed the genome sequences of the primary symbiont Portiera and of the secondary symbiont Hamiltonella in the B. tabaci Mediterranean (MED) species in order to gain insight into the metabolic role of each symbiont in the biology of their host. The genome sequences of the uncultured symbionts Portiera and Hamiltonella were obtained from one single bacteriocyte of MED B. tabaci. As already reported, the genome of Portiera is highly reduced (357 kb), but has kept a number of genes encoding most essential amino-acids and carotenoids. On the other hand, Portiera lacks almost all the genes involved in the synthesis of vitamins and cofactors. Moreover, some pathways are incomplete, notably those involved in the synthesis of some essential amino-acids. Interestingly, the genome of Hamiltonella revealed that this secondary symbiont can not only provide vitamins and cofactors, but also complete the missing steps of some of the pathways of Portiera. In addition, some critical amino-acid biosynthetic genes are missing in the two symbiotic genomes, but analysis of whitefly transcriptome suggests that the missing steps may be performed by the whitefly itself or its microbiota.ConclusionsThese data suggest that Portiera and Hamiltonella are not only complementary but could also be mutually dependent to provide a full complement of nutrients to their host. Altogether, these results illustrate how functional redundancies can lead to gene losses in the genomes of the different symbiotic partners, reinforcing their inter-dependency.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12864-015-1379-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genome reduction and potential metabolic complementation of the dual endosymbionts in the whitefly Bemisia tabaci

et al. 2015

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“…Several genome sequencing projects of Portiera revealed genes involved in essential amino acid synthesis not present in the insect genome [83,84]. In addition to the primary symbiont, several secondary symbionts have been reported in whitefly populations surveyed worldwide, including Arsenophonus, Hamiltonella, Wolbachia, Rickettsia, Cardinium, Fritschea and Orientia [85][86][87].…”

Section: Whiteflies and Secondary Symbiontsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is there a role for symbiotic bacteria in plant virus transmission by insects?

Pinheiro

Kliot

Ghanim

et al. 2015

Current Opinion in Insect Science

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“…The most predominant and damaging biotypes are biotype B (also known as Middle East-Minor Asia 1 genetic group (MEAM1), hereafter referred to as B) and biotype Q (also known as the Mediterranean genetic group (MED), hereafter referred to as Q). These biotypes have spread from their native ranges to as many as 60 countries (Pan et al 2013) causing annual losses of $1 to 2 billion (Jiang et al 2012). Whitefly feed on foliar phloem and produce a sticky secretion called honeydew, a substrate for fungi that results in black sooty mold on the leaf surface and reduces leaf photosynthetic efficiency; whitefly saliva may also cause irregular fruit ripening, which reduces fruit quality and increases the number of unmarketable fruit (Schuster et al 1996).…”

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confidence: 99%

Identification of resistance to Bemisia tabaci Genn. in closely related wild relatives of cultivated tomato based on trichome type analysis and choice and no-choice assays

Rakha

Hanson

Srinivasan

2015

Genet Resour Crop Evol

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The sweetpotato whitefly, Bemisia tabaci Genn., is a major pest of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) and other crops throughout the tropics and subtropics. The objectives of this study were to characterize 255 accessions of S. galapagense, S. cheesmaniae and S. pimpinellifolium for trichome types, and to evaluate selected accessions with high densities of glandular trichomes for resistance to whitefly. Twenty-two accessions classified as either sparse or abundant for type IV trichomes were selected and evaluated for numbers of adults, eggs, nymphs, and puparium of whitefly in choice bioassays, for adult mortality and egg numbers in no-choice bioassays, and for densities of type I, IV, V, and VI trichomes. The highest whitefly resistance was detected in S. galapagense accessions VI063177 and VI037239 based on choice and no-choice bioassays. In addition, we found high levels of whitefly resistance in S. cheesmaniae accession VI037240 based on the choice bioassay and in S. pimpinellifolium accession VI030462 based on the no-choice bioassay. Whitefly resistance in VI037240 and VI030462 is noteworthy because these species are closely related to cultivated tomato and introgression of whitefly resistance should be relatively straightforward. High densities of type IV trichomes and low densities of type V trichomes were associated with reduced numbers of whitefly adults, nymphs, puparium, and eggs in the choice bioassay and with high adult whitefly mortality in the no-choice bioassay. Preliminary trichome analysis followed by choice and no-choice assays facilitated rapid identification of whitefly-resistant accessions from a large pool of candidates of different species.

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Genome Sequences of the Primary Endosymbiont “Candidatus Portiera aleyrodidarum” in the Whitefly Bemisia tabaci B and Q Biotypes

Cited by 26 publications

References 8 publications

Genome reduction and potential metabolic complementation of the dual endosymbionts in the whitefly Bemisia tabaci

Genome reduction and potential metabolic complementation of the dual endosymbionts in the whitefly Bemisia tabaci

Is there a role for symbiotic bacteria in plant virus transmission by insects?

Identification of resistance to Bemisia tabaci Genn. in closely related wild relatives of cultivated tomato based on trichome type analysis and choice and no-choice assays

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