Genome-wide analysis of wheat calcium ATPases and potential role of selected ACAs and ECAs in calcium stress

Abstract

BackgroundP2- type calcium ATPases (ACAs-auto inhibited calcium ATPases and ECAs-endoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPases) belong to the P- type ATPase family of active membrane transporters and are significantly involved in maintaining accurate levels of Ca2+, Mn2+ and Zn2+ in the cytosol as well as playing a very important role in stress signaling, stomatal opening and closing and pollen tube growth. Here we report the identification and possible role of some of these ATPases from wheat.ResultsIn this study, ACA and ECA sequences of six species (belonging to Poaceae) were retrieved from different databases and a phylogenetic tree was constructed. A high degree of evolutionary relatedness was observed among P2 sequences characterized in this study. Members of the respective groups from different plant species were observed to fall under the same clade. This pattern highlights the common ancestry of P2− type calcium ATPases. Furthermore, qRT-PCR was used to analyse the expression of selected ACAs and ECAs from Triticum aestivum (wheat) under calcium toxicity and calcium deficiency. The data indicated that expression of ECAs is enhanced under calcium stress, suggesting possible roles of these ATPases in calcium homeostasis in wheat. Similarly, the expression of ACAs was significantly different in plants grown under calcium stress as compared to plants grown under control conditions. This gives clues to the role of ACAs in signal transduction during calcium stress in wheat.ConclusionHere we concluded that wheat genome consists of nine P2B and three P2A -type calcium ATPases. Moreover, gene loss events in wheat ancestors lead to the loss of a particular homoeolog of a gene in wheat. To elaborate the role of these wheat ATPases, qRT-PCR was performed. The results indicated that when plants are exposed to calcium stress, both P2A and P2B gene expression get enhanced. This further gives clues about the possible role of these ATPases in wheat in calcium management. These findings can be useful in future for genetic manipulations as well as in wheat genome annotation process.

Molecular characterization and differential expression suggested diverse functions of P-type II Ca2+ATPases in Triticum aestivum L

“…In the current study, we aimed genome-wide identification, characterization, expression profiling, and co-expression analyses of type II Ca 2+ ATPases in various tissue developmental stages and in the presence of numerous stresses in T. aestivum . During the compilation of our findings, we found that Aslam et al, (2017) [ 23 ] have also identified Ca 2+ ATPases in T. aestivum . However, they had not performed inclusive characterization of complete gene family.…”

“…Further, two (LOC_Os02g08010 and LOC_Os08g40530) out of 12 rice ACA proteins also lacked CaATP_NAI domain [ 10 ] as observed in case of TaACA2 and TaACA6. Aslam et al, (2017) [ 23 ] identified only 27 TaACA proteins; they had not reported TaACA4 genes. Furthermore, we identified a total of 14 (11 TuACAs and 3 TuECAs) and 15 (12 AeACAs and 3 AeECAs) type II Ca 2+ ATPase proteins in the T. urartu and Ae.…”

“…OsACA6 is also highly expressed upon salt treatment [ 10 ]. Ca 2+ ATPases like ACA2 and ACA4 of Arabidopsis have been shown to alleviate salt hypersensitivity in mutant yeast strain [ 23 , 33 , 37 ], which were found evolutionary closer to TaACA5 and TaACA7 , and TaACA4 and TaACA8 , respectively. Further, TaACA5 , TaACA7 , and TaACA8 group of genes showed differential expression in various stages of salt treatment.…”

Genome-wide analysis of bZIP, BBR, and BZR transcription factors in Triticum aestivum

“…aestivum as compared to O . sativa [ 44 ]. It has all the attributes of a model plant such as small genome size (~355MBp), self-fertility, short life cycle (8–11 weeks), simple growth conditions, and easily manipulatable genome.…”

Calcium acetate‐induced reduction of cadmium accumulation in Oryza sativa: Expression of auto‐inhibited calcium‐ATPase and cadmium transporters

“…; Aslam et al . ). This statement might explain why increasing the Ca supplementation in the soil does not increase the Ca concentration in rice shoots and grains in a long‐term application However, increasing the Ca acetate amount might induce expression of ACA , especially ACA3 and ACA13 , to improve rice development under Cd stress.…”