Genomic and phenotypic evaluation of rice susceptible check TN1 collected in Taiwan

Abstract

Background Taichung Native 1 (TN1), a variety of rice ( Oryza sativa L.) developed in Taiwan, has played a key role in the green revolution of this major staple crop because of its semi-dwarf characteristics. Due to its susceptibility, it has been used as a susceptibility indicator in rice insect and pathogen resistance studies worldwide. While within-variety differences have been reported for agronomic traits in other rice varieties, no study has addressed the within-variety consistency of pathogen and insect susceptibility of TN1, which would influence the result interpretation of plant-pest interaction studies. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the genomic consistency and to assess a range of agronomic and insect susceptibility traits in three representative accessions of TN1 in Taiwan. Results Among these three accessions, two were identical across 43,325 genome-wide single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) while the third one differed at four SNPs. Of the three accessions of TN1, there were minor differences in seed length, seed breadth, length/width ratio, number of leaves and tillers, and number of unfilled seeds. Besides, there was no effect on relative growth rate of Cnaphalocrocis medinalis larvae fed on the three accession sources. Furthermore, there is no different on plant susceptibility among these three accessions against C. medinalis and Nilaparvata lugens . Conclusion Our study indicates that it is appropriate to use TN1 in Taiwan to test for rice insect susceptibility as it yields consistent results.

Defense Responses of Different Rice Varieties Affect Growth Performance and Food Utilization of Cnaphalocrocis medinalis Larvae

“…This indicates that these parameters were not linked with the differences in the survival and development of larvae after feeding on different rice varieties. Resistant rice varieties may not differ from susceptible varieties in some physiological characteristics, but their defense responses against insect pests are more prominent (Li et al 2019 ). Our results show that SOD, POD, CAT activity, H 2 O 2 content, and O 2 − production rate of different rice varieties infested by C. medinalis were closely related to the larvae’s survival, development, and food utilization ability.…”

Genome wide association studies and candidate gene mining for understanding the genetic basis of straw silica content in a set of Oryza nivara (Sharma et Shastry) accessions

“…It was intriguing that the cosmopolitan variety, TN1 (Taichung Native-1), which played a pivotal role in the green revolution, recorded a considerably higher silica content of 15.81% in the study. In addition, TN1 is used worldwide as a susceptible check in pest and pathogen resistance studies ( Li et al., 2019 ), including rice brown planthopper ( Nilaparvata lugens ) ( Tan et al., 2004 ; Deen et al., 2017 ), white-backed planthopper ( Sogatella furcifera ) ( Wu and Khush, 1985 ; Yang et al., 2014 ), green leafhopper ( Nephotettix virescens ) ( Vu et al., 2014 ), bacterial blight ( Xanthomonas oryzae ) ( Kumar et al., 2012 ; Yugander et al., 2018 ), and rice stem borer ( Scirpophaga incertulas ) ( Liu et al., 2018 ). The study thus raises the question of the evolutionary role of the presence of silica in rice.…”

Mechanisms of Trichomes and Terpene Compounds in Indigenous and Commercial Thai Rice Varieties against Brown Planthopper

“…Suphan Buri 1 is a high-yielding Thai rice variety resistant to BPH [ 32 ]. KDML105 and TN1 are susceptible to all BPH biotypes [ 31 , 51 , 52 ]; therefore, in this study, they were considered standard resistant and susceptible varieties compared with selected indigenous varieties. Injury levels by BPH were determined by the AUC calculated using scores from three timepoints (7, 9, and 11 DAI) according to the SSBS method by IRRI.…”